Fluoride in thermal spring water and in plants of Nevada and its relationship to fluorosis in animals.
Fluoride in thermal spring water and in plants of Nevada and its relationship to fluorosis in animals.
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DOI：
10.2307/3898388
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发表时间：
1982-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Kubota;E. A. Naphan;G. H. Oberly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Kubota;E. A. Naphan;G. H. Oberly
测定了选定温泉水中和植物中的氟化物浓度，以评估它们作为内华达州放牧动物的氟化物来源的作用。水中的氟浓度随温泉源的不同而变化，范围约为 2 至 17 ppm。植物中的铁浓度范围为约 0.1 至超过 220 ppm，具体取决于植物种类和植物生长的土壤。任何给定温泉地点的植物中的铁浓度并不均一较高，但与水中的氟浓度一起，似乎可能导致牛患氟中毒。尽管泉水面积较小，但泉水及其流经的区域对于放牧动物来说却很重要，因为它们提供饮用水并有丰富的饲料。众所周知，过量的氟化物（F）会导致放牧动物氟中毒并减少水果产量（NAS 1971）。大多数已知问题区域都位于冶炼厂和钢厂的下风处。饲料中氟含量增加的放牧动物症状的严重程度已得到概述（NAS 1971）。饲料厂中铁含量达到 50 ppm 或以上已被认为会导致放牧动物患氟中毒（NAS 1971）。尽管温泉、火山喷发物和火山灰是氟的天然来源，但在自然区域放牧的动物中氟中毒的定义尚不明确（Goldschmidt 1954）。我们在内华达州开展了一项研究，那里有多达 300 个温泉（Garside 1974），旨在确定水中的 F- 如何影响在被水排干的土壤上生长的植物中的 F- 浓度，以及这两种来源的 F^ 如何促进以植物为食的动物摄入 F-。我们介绍我们的研究结果。
Fluoride concentrations in water from selected thermal springs and in plants were determined to evaluate their role as sources of Ffor grazing animals in Nevada. The F- concentration in water varied with thermal spring sources and ranged from about 2 to 17 ppm. Fe concentration in plants ranged from about 0.1 to over 220 ppm, depending upon species of plants and the soil on which the plants were grown. The Fe concentration in plants from any given thermal spring location was not uniformly high, but together with F- concentration of the water, appears to contribute to possible cases of tluorosis in cattle. Although small area-wise the spring waters and the area they flow over are important to grazing animals, because they provide drinking water and have lush forage. It is well known that excess fluoride (F) causes fluorosis in grazing animals and reduced fruit production (NAS 1971). Most of the known problem areas are downwind of smelter plants and steel mills. The severity of symptoms in grazing animals with increasing F- levels in feed has been outlined (NAS 1971). A level of 50 ppm or more of Fe in feed plants has been recognized to cause fluorosis in grazing animals (NAS 1971). Fluorosis in animalsgrazed in naturally occurring areas is less well defined, although thermal springs, volcanic emanations, and volcanic ash are natural sources of F(Goldschmidt 1954). We undertook a study in Nevada, where as many as 300 thermal springs occur (Garside 1974), toestablish how F- in the water affects F- concentration in plants grown on soils drained by the water, and how F^ from both sources contributes to F- intake of the animal eating the plants. We present the results of our study.