Positive and negative reinforcement effects on behavior in a three-person microsociety.
Positive and negative reinforcement effects on behavior in a three-person microsociety.
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正强化和负强化对三人微社会中的行为产生影响。
DOI：
10.1901/jeab.1985.44-157
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发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
J. Brady
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Emurian;C. S. Emurian;J. Brady
男性或女性的三人组在连续编程的环境中居住6至12天。受试者遵循行为程序，确定活动清单内的顺序和偶然关系。该计划由积极强化日和回避日组成。在一个积极的强化日，每个工作单位完成的主题增加了一个组帐户。研究结束时，账户在三名参与者中平均分配。在一个负强化日，没有钱赚，组被分配的工作单位标准，如果完成，防止减少积累的收入。在负强化日期间，受试者会做出攻击性言语反应，四组之间的程度有所不同。这些差异在几个不同的行为测量中很明显。工作单位的组件上的性能没有明显的影响，强化时间表的效果，虽然在回避条件下一个主题停止工作，另一个主题的生产力下降。
Three-person groups, either of males or of females, resided for 6 to 12 days in a continuously programmed environment. Subjects followed a behavioral program that determined the sequential and contingent relations within an inventory of activities. The program consisted of positive reinforcement days and avoidance days. During a positive reinforcement day, each work unit completed by a subject incremented a group account. The account was divided evenly among the three participants at the conclusion of the study. During a negative reinforcement day, no money was earned, and the group was assigned work unit criterion that, if completed, prevented a reduction in accumulated earnings. During negative reinforcement days, subjects made aggressive verbal responses, which differed in magnitude among the four groups. These differences were evident in several distinct behavioral measures. Performances on components of the work unit were not demonstrably affected by the reinforcement schedules in effect, although during the avoidance condition one subject stopped working and another subject's productivity declined.