Dynamics of the Tropical Middle Atmosphere: A Tutorial Review*
Dynamics of the Tropical Middle Atmosphere: A Tutorial Review*
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热带中层大气的动力学：教程回顾*
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Hamilton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Hamilton
本文讨论了热带平流层、中间层和最低热层的大气环流。首先回顾了利用现场和卫星技术观测的准两年和半年振荡。然后讨论了控制环流纬向平均分量的基本动力学。强调了辐射非绝热冷却在约束中层大气纬向平均环流中的作用。结果表明，这种辐射约束的有效性在低纬地区降低，从而允许热带准两年和半年振荡的长时间持续平均气流加速。目前的观点是，在中层大气中看到的赤道平均气流加速的主要驱动力来自垂直传播的波。这一过程在这里是在其最简单的背景下说明的，即Plumb(1977)模型的单色内部...
Abstract The general circulation of the tropical stratosphere, mesosphere and lowermost thermosphere is discussed at a tutorial level. Observations of the quasi‐biennial and semiannual oscillations by both in situ and satellite techniques are first reviewed. The basic dynamics controlling the zonal‐mean component of the circulation are then discussed. The role of radiative diabatic cooling in constraining the zonal‐mean circulation in the middle atmosphere is emphasized. It is shown that the effectiveness of this radiative constraint is reduced at low latitudes, allowing for the sustained mean flow accelerations over long periods of time characteristic of the quasi‐biennial and semiannual oscillations in the tropics. The current view is that the dominant driving for the equatorial mean flow accelerations seen in the middle atmosphere derives from vertically‐propagating waves. This process is illustrated here in its simplest context, i.e. the Plumb (1977) model of the interaction of monochromatic internal ...