EXPERIMENTS WITH CHINESE PIGS IN FRANCE .1. REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE IN PURE AND CROSS BREEDING WITH EUROPEAN BREEDS
EXPERIMENTS WITH CHINESE PIGS IN FRANCE .1. REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE IN PURE AND CROSS BREEDING WITH EUROPEAN BREEDS
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DOI:
10.1186/1297-9686-15-2-225
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发表时间:
1983-01-01
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
CARITEZ, JC
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
LEGAULT, C;CARITEZ, JC
The reproductive performance of 3 native Chinese breeds: Meishan (MS), Jiaxing (JX) and Jinhua (JH) was compared with that of 6 genetic types of F1 females resulting from mating one boar of each Chinese breed to 12 sows of 2 European breeds: Large White (LW) and French Landrance (LF), and with the performance of F1 females resulting from the LW .times. MS cross. On a total of 278 purebred and 226 crossbred animals, average teat number was 16.3 .+-. 1.1 in MS, 19.9 .+-. 1.4 in JX, 16.5 .+-. 1.1 in JH, 14.7 .+-. 1.6 in F1 MS, 16.7 .+-. 1.7 in F1 JX and 15.8 .+-. 1.4 in F1 JH. On a total of 75 purebred and 114 crossbred gilts, age at puberty was 81 .+-. 9, 91 .+-. 10, 109 .+-. 15, 87 .+-. 11, 93 .+-. 13 and 96 .+-. 14 days, respectively, for these 6 genetic types. Litter size, litter weight and food intake of the sow during the suckling period (30 days) were measured on 300 farrowing of which 136 were from gilts. Two groups with significantly different litter size at birth and weaning were distinguished. The prolific group included 5 F1 types (MS .times. LF, MS .times. LW, JX .times. LF, JX .times. LW and LW .times. MS) and 1 pure breed (MS). In this group, mean litter size at birth varied from 13.5-15.4 and at weaning from 11.4-13.3. In litter weight at birth and at 21 days 3 different groups could be distinguished: the best performance was observed in 8 genetic types (the 6 prolific types plus LW and LF). The poorest results were obtained in 2 pure breeds (JX and HH), with JH crosses in an intermediate position. On the basis of the intake of concentrate feed during lactation, there were 3 groups whose means were significantly different: European sows (LW and LF) consumed 30-52 kg more than a group of 8 genetic types (7 types of F1 and purebred MS), and about 80 kg more than purebred JX and JH sows. These preliminary results seem to indicate that an appropriate cross between certain Chinese breeds (MS and JX) and a European breed (LW and LF) allows the use of a F1 sow which has its first farrowing at least 1 mo. earlier, which is more economic (at least 120 kg of concentrate feed saved each year), and is more productive (5-8 more piglets weaned/yr). As a consequence, the production cost of a weaned piglet could be reduced by 40-60 Francs.