Humans Conform to Robots: Disambiguating Trust, Truth, and Conformity
Humans Conform to Robots: Disambiguating Trust, Truth, and Conformity
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人类顺从机器人：消除信任、真理和顺从的歧义
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Scassellati
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nicole Salomons;Michael van der Linden;S. Sebo;B. Scassellati
阿希的从众实验表明，人们倾向于调整自己的观点，以符合小组成员的观点，即使他们认为小组的答案是错误的。以前的研究试图用一组机器人复制Asch的实验，但未能观察到一致性[7]，[25]。一种解释可以使用霍奇斯和盖尔斯的工作[17]来做出，他们建议人们在决定是否顺从他人时考虑不同的标准（真相、信任和社会团结）。为了研究信任和真理如何影响从众，我们提出了一个实验，参与者与三个机器人玩游戏，其中没有客观的答案。我们测量了参与者改变他们的初步答案以匹配机器人组的最终答案的次数。我们进行了一项受试者间研究（N = 30），其中有两种情况：一种是参与者在决定最终答案之前看到机器人组的初步答案，另一种是他们不知道机器人的初步答案的控制条件。实验条件下的参与者（29%）比对照条件下的参与者（6%）明显更多。因此，我们已经证明，机器人群体可以使人们遵守它们。此外，信任在顺从中也扮演着重要的角色：最初，参与者以与Asch参与者相似的速度顺从机器人，然而，许多参与者在游戏后期由于机器人选择了错误的答案而失去信任时停止顺从。
Asch’s [2] conformity experiment has shown that people are prone to adjusting their view to match those of group members even when they believe the answer of the group to be wrong. Previous studies have attempted to replicate Asch’s experiment with a group of robots but have failed to observe conformity [7], [25]. One explanation can be made using Hodges and Geyers work [17], in which they propose that people consider distinct criteria (truth, trust, and social solidarity) when deciding whether to conform to others. In order to study how trust and truth affect conformity, we propose an experiment in which participants play a game with three robots, in which there are no objective answers. We measured how many times participants changed their preliminary answers to match the group of robots’ in their final answer. We conducted a between-subjects study (N = 30) in which there were two conditions: one in which participants saw the group of robots’ preliminary answer before deciding their final answer, and a control condition in which they did not know the robots’ preliminary answer. Participants in the experimental condition conformed significantly more (29%) than participants in the control condition (6%). Therefore we have shown that groups of robots can cause people to conform to them. Additionally trust plays a role in conformity: initially, participants conformed to robots at a similar rate to Asch’s participants, however, many participants stop conforming later in the game when trust is lost due to the robots choosing an incorrect answer.