Multiple roles for orexin/hypocretin in addiction.
Multiple roles for orexin/hypocretin in addiction.
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DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-444-59489-1.00007-0
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Aston-Jones, Gary
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mahler, Stephen V.;Smith, Rachel J.;Moorman, David E.;Sartor, Gregory C.;Aston-Jones, Gary
食欲素/下丘脑分泌素是一种下丘脑分泌的肽类物质，不仅参与唤醒和觉醒，而且在药物成瘾和奖赏相关行为中也起着重要作用。在这里，我们回顾了食欲素在各种药物成瘾的动物模型中所扮演的角色，强调食欲素参与寻求主要类别的滥用药物以及食物的共性和差异。出现的一个共同主题是食欲素参与由外部刺激触发的药物寻求（例如，线索、情境或应激源）。我们还讨论了嵌入食欲素的功能神经元回路，以及这些回路如何介导成瘾相关行为，特别关注腹侧被盖区内食欲素和谷氨酸相互作用的作用。最后，我们试图通过讨论这些肽在大脑中只有几千个神经元中表达的方式，来了解食欲素在奖励中的作用，可以对行为产生如此广泛的影响。
Orexins/hypocretins are hypothalamic peptides involved in arousal and wakefulness, but also play a critical role in drug addiction and reward-related behaviors. Here, we review the roles played by orexins in a variety of animal models of drug addiction, emphasizing both commonalities and differences for orexin’s involvement in seeking of the major classes of abused drugs, as well as food. One common theme that emerges is an involvement of orexins in drug seeking triggered by external stimuli (e.g., cues, contexts or stressors). We also discuss the functional neuronal circuits in which orexins are embedded, and how these circuits mediate addiction-related behaviors, with particular focus on the role of orexin and glutamate interactions within the ventral tegmental area. Finally, we attempt to contextualize the role of orexins in reward by discussing ways in which these peptides, expressed in only a few thousand neurons in the brain, can have such wide-ranging effects on behavior.