Globalization, Scottish Fisheries and ‘Political Work’: Global-EU-Local Dialectics
Globalization, Scottish Fisheries and ‘Political Work’: Global-EU-Local Dialectics
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全球化、苏格兰渔业和“政治工作”：全球-欧盟-地方辩证法
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发表时间：
2008
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Carter
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文献类型：
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作者：
C. Carter
与世界上其他渔业社区一样，苏格兰渔业面临着资源有限和不断减少的全球压力。北海鲱鱼（1970年代）和大浅滩鳕鱼（1990年代）种群的崩溃对中上层和白鱼部门产生了严重影响（Couper和Smith，1997年：118）。最近，北海鳕鱼种群的崩溃导致白鱼船队进一步退役，在2000年至2003年间减少了50%（Seafish，2003）。除了资源减少对苏格兰渔业活动的影响外，国际粮食价格政策的变化和国际贸易管制的放松也对当地的渔业做法产生了影响（Friis，1996年）。这是因为，随着时间的推移，加工厂的所有权以及渔民、商人和加工商之间的销售合同已经日益全球化，因为供求食物链已经延伸到当地配置之外。长期以来，对这些“全球渔业重组”进程的反应（Symes，1998年：254）与世界各地的其他反应类似，评论员报告说，渔民自称是全球力量的“受害者”（Symes，1998年：254-255）。
Like other fishing communities around the world, the Scottish industry faces global pressures of limited and diminishing resources. Collapses of North Sea herring (1970s) and Grand Banks cod (1990s) stocks have had severe impacts on the pelagic and whitefish sectors (Couper and Smith, 1997: 118). More recently, collapses of North Sea cod stocks resulted in further de-commissioning of the whitefish fleet, reducing it by 50% between 2000 and 2003 (Seafish, 2003). As well as the effects that diminishing resources are having on fishing activity in Scotland, international policy shifts on food prices and deregulation of international trade have also had repercussions for local fishing practice (Friis, 1996). This is because, over time, ownership of processing plants and sales contracts between fishers, merchants and processors have become increasingly globalized through the extension of the supply and demand food chain beyond local configurations. For a long time, reaction to these processes of ‘global re-structuring of fisheries’ (Symes, 1998: 254) has been analogous to others around the world, with commentators reporting fishers self-representing as Victims’ of global forces (Symes, 1998: 254–255).