When Cigarette Smoking Meets COVID-19: How the Two Types of Threat and Efficacy Perceptions Interactively Predict Danger Control and Fear Control Processes.
When Cigarette Smoking Meets COVID-19: How the Two Types of Threat and Efficacy Perceptions Interactively Predict Danger Control and Fear Control Processes.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph20042970
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发表时间：
2023-02-08
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Popova, Lucy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Yachao;Duong, Hue Trong;Massey, Zachary B;Churchill, Victoria;Popova, Lucy
越来越多的证据表明，宣传吸烟和 COVID-19 的综合风险可以鼓励戒烟。在扩展并行过程模型 (EPPM) 的指导下，我们研究了感知的吸烟和 COVID-19 威胁如何独立且交互式地预测危险控制反应（即戒烟意图和 COVID-19 保护行为意图）和恐惧控制反应（即恐惧和宿命论）。我们还探讨了戒烟感知功效和新冠病毒防护行为对信息结果的直接和交互影响。结构方程模型结果（N = 747 名吸烟的美国成年人）表明，新冠病毒保护行为的感知效果可以积极预测戒烟意图。对 COVID-19 威胁的感知程度越高，戒烟效果越高，则通过恐惧直接或间接预测戒烟意愿越高。随着感知的新冠病毒保护功效增加，感知的戒烟功效与戒烟意图之间的正相关性也增加。与吸烟相关的威胁和功效认知并不能预测新冠病毒保护行为意图。这项研究通过考虑源自两种不同但密切相关的风险的威胁和功效认知如何影响保护行为，对 EPPM 进行了补充。因此，将多种威胁结合在一条信息中可能是在大流行期间激励戒烟的一个有前途的策略。
Growing evidence indicates that communicating the combined risk of smoking and COVID-19 encourages smoking cessation. Guided by the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM), we examined how perceived threats of smoking and COVID-19 independently and interactively predicted danger control responses (i.e., quit intentions and COVID-19-protective behavioral intentions) and fear control responses (i.e., fear and fatalism). We also explored the direct and interactive impacts of perceived efficacy of quitting smoking and COVID-protective behaviors on message outcomes. Structural equation modeling results (N = 747 U.S. adults who smoke) indicated that the perceived efficacy of COVID-protective behaviors positively predicted quit intentions. Higher perceived threat of COVID-19 and greater quitting efficacy predicted higher quit intentions directly and indirectly via fear. As perceived COVID-protective efficacy increased, the positive association between perceived quitting efficacy and quit intentions also increased. Smoking-related threat and efficacy perceptions did not predict COVID-protective behavioral intentions. This study added to EPPM by considering how threat and efficacy perceptions deriving from two different yet closely related risks affect protective behaviors. Thus, combining multiple threats in a single message might be a promising strategy to motivate smoking cessation amid the pandemic.