Timing and prediction of CO2 eruptions from Crystal Geyser, UT
Timing and prediction of CO2 eruptions from Crystal Geyser, UT
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犹他州水晶间歇泉二氧化碳喷发的时间和预测
DOI：
10.2172/897988
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
S. J. Friedmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Gouveia;S. J. Friedmann
2005年8月，在犹他州的水晶间歇泉部署了特殊的仪器，创造了这座寒冷的间歇泉连续76天喷发的记录。传感器测量了间歇泉底部的温度和流体运动。对包含140次喷发开始时间和持续时间的时间序列的分析表明，喷发持续时间呈显著的双峰分布。约三分之二的喷发是短的(7-32分钟)，约三分之一的喷发是长的(98-113分钟)。32~98min内无一例发生皮疹。一次喷发的持续时间与下一次喷发之前的时间有很强的相关性。对这些数据进行线性最小二乘拟合可以用来预测下一次喷发的时间。对于90%的极短喷发(7-19分钟)和大约45%的长喷发，预测在实际喷发时间的一小时内。结合之前一项研究的排放量估计，我们估计水晶间歇泉每年排放的二氧化碳约为11千克(11,000吨)。
Special instruments were deployed at Crystal Geyser, Utah, in August 2005 creating a contiguous 76-day record of eruptions from this cold geyser. Sensors measured temperature and fluid movement at the base of the geyser. Analysis of the time series that contains the start time and duration of 140 eruptions reveals a striking bimodal distribution in eruption duration. About two thirds of the eruptions were short (7-32 min), and about one third were long (98-113 min). No eruption lasted between 32 and 98 min. There is a strong correlation between the duration of an eruption and the subsequent time until the next eruption. A linear least-squares fit of these data can be used to predict the time of the next eruption. The predictions were within one hour of actual eruption time for 90% of the very short eruptions (7-19 min), and about 45% of the long eruptions. Combined with emission estimates from a previous study, we estimate the annual CO{sub 2} emission from Crystal Geyser to be about 11 gigagrams (11,000 tons).