Micro‐architecture and composition of artery walls: relationship to location, diameter and the distribution of mechanical stress
Micro‐architecture and composition of artery walls: relationship to location, diameter and the distribution of mechanical stress
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动脉壁的微结构和组成：与位置、直径和机械应力分布的关系
DOI：
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Zarins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Glagov;R. Vito;Don P. Giddenst;C. Zarins
目的我们回顾了动脉壁力学性质的结构基础，以建立不同动脉之间顺应性差异的一致性微观解剖基础，并建立评估特定个体动脉与变化的物理应力相关的力学性质变化的框架。这里介绍的数据和概念来自早期和正在进行的工作。检查了确保与血流（壁面剪切应力）和压力（壁面拉伸应力）相关的稳定性和完整性的特征。特别注意的是形态发生和生物合成的手段，动脉适应正常或异常的修改这些力量，特别是在有关的增长，在动脉树和几何配置的位置。结果和结论动脉壁的厚度、成分和结构，包括内膜的厚度和成分，通常由压力和流量施加的应力决定。血管半径与血流密切相关，因此维持或恢复约15 dyn/cm 2的平均剪应力的正常基线水平。壁厚和成分由与压力和半径相关的壁张力决定。拉伸应力的基线水平因位置而异，但对于同源血管似乎相似。改变半径的流量变化也会改变壁面张力。由于流量和/或压力模式的改变，壁厚和成分的变化可能导致顺应性的变化;顺应性的这些变化可能是适应性的而不是破坏性的。特定动脉顺应性随时间的变化可用于评估这些变化背后的疾病的进展和严重程度。
Purpose We reviewed the structural basis of the mechanical properties of the arterial wall, in order to establish a coherent micro-anatomical basis for the differences in compliance among different arteries and a framework for assessing changes in the mechanical properties of specific individual arteries in relation to changing physical stresses. Data identification The data and concepts presented here were derived from both earlier and ongoing work. Features that assure stability and integrity in relation to blood flow (wall shear stress) and pressure (mural tensile stress) were examined. Particular attention was paid to the morphogenetic and biosynthetic means by which arteries adapt to normal or abnormal modifications of these forces, particularly in relation to growth, location in the arterial tree and geometric configuration. Results and conclusions Thickness, composition and architecture of the artery wall, including thickness and composition of the intima, are normally determined by the stresses imposed by pressure and flow. Vessel radius is closely associated with flow, so that a normal baseline level of mean shear stress of about 15dyn/cm2 is maintained or restored. Wall thickness and composition are determined by wall tension in relation to pressure and radius. Baseline levels of tensile stress differ with location but appear to be similar for homologous vessels. Changes in flow that modify the radius also modify wall tension. Changes in wall thickness and composition are likely to cause changes in compliance, due to altered flow and/or pressure patterns; these changes in compliance may be adaptive rather than destructive. Changes in the compliance of specific arteries over time may be used to evaluate the progression and severity of the conditions underlying these changes.