PLAGUE PANDEMICS INVESTIGATED BY RIBOTYPING OF YERSINIA-PESTIS STRAINS
PLAGUE PANDEMICS INVESTIGATED BY RIBOTYPING OF YERSINIA-PESTIS STRAINS
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DOI：
10.1128/jcm.32.3.634-641.1994
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发表时间：
1994-03-01
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
CARNIEL, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GUIYOULE, A;GRIMONT, F;CARNIEL, E
鼠疫耶尔森氏菌是鼠疫的病原体，鼠疫已造成数百万人死亡，目前仍存在于地方性疫源地。采用大肠杆菌16S-23S rRNA探针进行杂交，测定了72年间从五大洲分离的70株鼠疫菌的rRNA基因限制性内切模式（即核糖型）。EcoRI和EcoRV模式的结合导致16种核糖型的阐明。其中两种（B型和O型）占研究菌株的65.7%，而其他14种核糖型每种不超过3种。生物变体与核型之间存在一定的关系：东方生物变体的核型为A ~ G，古古生物变体的核型为F ~ O，中世纪生物变体的核型为O ~ p。非洲分离的生物变体在rRNA限制性结构上存在较大的异质性；这种异质性在亚洲菌株中不太明显，在美洲菌株中完全不存在。对部分菌株的dna进行了脉冲场凝胶电泳，但同一菌株的不同菌落显示出不同的脉冲场凝胶电泳模式，因此该技术不适合用于鼠疫菌分离物的比较。相比之下，一个菌株内单个菌落的核型在体内经过5次传代后是稳定的，几乎没有改变。可以确定三次鼠疫大流行的历史与菌株的核糖型之间的明确相关性。
Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of plague, a disease which has caused the deaths of millions of people and which persists now in endemic foci. The rRNA gene restriction patterns (i.e., ribotypes) of 70 strains of Y. pestis, isolated on the five continents over a period of 72 years, were determined by hybridization with a 16S-23S rRNA probe from Escherichia coli. The combination of the EcoRI and EcoRV patterns resulted in the elucidation of 16 ribotypes. Two of them (B and O) characterized 65.7% of the strains studied, while the 14 other ribotypes were found in no more than three strains each. A relationship was established between biovars and ribotypes: strains of biovar Orientalis were of ribotypes A to G, those of biovar Antiqua were of ribotypes F to O, and those of biovar Medievalis were of ribotypes O and P. Great heterogeneity in rRNA restriction patterns mas found among strains isolated in Africa; this heterogeneity was less pronounced among Asian isolates and was completely absent from the American strains. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed on the DNAs of some strains, but it appeared that different colonies from the same strain displayed different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and therefore that this technique was not suitable for comparison of Y. pestis isolates. In contrast, the ribotypes of individual colonies within a given strain were stable and mere not modified after five passages in vivo. A clear correlation between the history of the three plague pandemics and the ribotypes of the strains could be established.