Life cycle assessment of hydrogen production via electrolysis – a review
Life cycle assessment of hydrogen production via electrolysis – a review
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.07.048
复制
发表时间：
2014-12
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
R. Bhandari;C. Trudewind;P. Zapp
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Bhandari;C. Trudewind;P. Zapp
有几种制氢技术。它们的范围从最广泛使用的基于化石燃料的系统，如天然气蒸汽甲烷重整到最少使用的基于可再生能源的系统，如风力电解。目前，全球几乎所有的工业氢气需求都是使用化石燃料生产的。利用可再生资源发电和充分利用氢的电解制氢可有助于满足全球对可持续能源供应的需求。然而，这些技术也不能摆脱环境负担。生命周期评估（LCA）有助于确定这样的影响，考虑到整个生命周期的过程chains.This本文回顾了21个研究，解决了LCA的制氢技术，其中大多数采用电解技术。据观察，全球变暖潜能值（GWP）是几乎所有作者分析的影响类别。酸化潜力（AP）位居第二。其他类别，如潜在毒性，往往没有分析。与电解制氢相关的主要环境问题是电力供应。电解器单元的GWP贡献相对较小（例如，在包括氢气生产和存储系统的基于风的电解中仅约4%）。从LCA的角度来看，可以得出结论，与使用传统电网电力混合或化石燃料原料的技术相比，使用风力或水力发电的电解是最好的制氢技术之一。
There are several hydrogen production technologies. They range from the most widely used fossil fuel based systems such as natural gas steam methane reforming to the least used renewable energy based systems such as wind electrolysis. Currently almost all the industrial hydrogen need worldwide is produced using fossil fuels. Electrolytic hydrogen production based on electricity generated from renewable resources and hydrogen's energetic use could contribute to the global need for a sustainable energy supply. However, these technologies are also not free from environmental burdens. A life cycle assessment (LCA) helps to identify such impacts considering the entire life cycle of the process chains.This paper reviews twenty-one studies that address the LCA of hydrogen production technologies, a majority of them employing electrolytic technologies. It has been observed that global warming potential (GWP) is the impact category analyzed by almost all the authors. Acidification potential (AP) ranks second. Other categories such as toxicity potential are often not analyzed. The main environmental concern associated with electrolytic hydrogen production is electricity supply. The GWP contribution of the electrolyzer unit is relatively small (e.g. only about 4% in wind based electrolysis including hydrogen production and storage systems). From an LCA perspective, it can be concluded that electrolysis using wind or hydropower generated electricity is one of the best hydrogen production technologies, compared to those using conventional grid electricity mix or fossil fuel feedstocks.