Sensitivity of Shelf Sea Marine Ecosystems to Temporal Resolution of Meteorological Forcing
Sensitivity of Shelf Sea Marine Ecosystems to Temporal Resolution of Meteorological Forcing
复制标题
DOI：
10.1029/2019jc015922
复制
发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Powley;J. Bruggeman;J. Hopkins;Tim Smyth;J. Blackford
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Powley;J. Bruggeman;J. Hopkins;Tim Smyth;J. Blackford
浮游植物物候和生长季节的长度会影响营养级并最终影响全球海底碳通量。耦合水动力-生态系统模型必须准确预测浮游植物繁殖的时间和持续时间，以便预测环境变化对生态系统动态的影响。众所周知，太阳辐照度、气温和风速等气象条件会强烈影响浮游植物繁殖的时间。在这里，我们使用一维耦合水动力生态系统模型在两个对比鲜明的陆架海地点研究了 1 至 24 小时气象强迫（风、表面压力、空气和露点温度）时间分辨率降低的影响：一个沿海中层地点（L4）和一个夏季层理恒定的近海地点（CCS）。气象强迫的较高时间分辨率导致作用于海面的风应力更大，从而增加了水柱湍流动能。因此，水柱在一年中的比例较小，导致春季浮游植物的绽放延迟了 6 天，秋季的绽放通常提前结束，生长期缩短了 23 天。尽管不同地点之间的总初级生产力趋势相反，但由于资源限制的差异（CCS 的光和 L4 的硝酸盐）导致浮游植物溶解有机碳的产生减少，因此气象分辨率较高时，微生物循环减弱。在比较具有不同气象强迫分辨率的模型运行时应小心。如果气象分辨率升级，可能需要重新校准水动力生态系统模型。
Phytoplankton phenology and the length of the growing season have implications that cascade through trophic levels and ultimately impact the global carbon fl ux to the sea fl oor. Coupled hydrodynamic ‐ ecosystem models must accurately predict timing and duration of phytoplankton blooms in order to predict the impact of environmental change on ecosystem dynamics. Meteorological conditions, such as solar irradiance, air temperature, and wind speed are known to strongly impact the timing of phytoplankton blooms. Here, we investigate the impact of degrading the temporal resolution of meteorological forcing (wind, surface pressure, air, and dew point temperatures) from 1 – 24 hr using a 1 ‐ D coupled hydrodynamic ‐ ecosystem model at two contrasting shelf ‐ sea sites: one coastal intermediately strati fi ed site (L4) and one offshore site with constant summer strati fi cation (CCS). Higher temporal resolutions of meteorological forcing resulted in greater wind stress acting on the sea surface increasing water column turbulent kinetic energy. Consequently, the water column was strati fi ed for a smaller proportion of the year, producing a delayed onset of the spring phytoplankton bloom by up to 6 days, often earlier cessation of the autumn bloom, and shortened growing season of up to 23 days. Despite opposing trends in gross primary production between sites, a weakened microbial loop occurred with higher meteorological resolution due to reduced dissolved organic carbon production by phytoplankton caused by differences in resource limitation: light at CCS and nitrate at L4. Caution should be taken when comparing model runs with differing meteorological forcing resolutions. Recalibration of hydrodynamic ‐ ecosystem models may be required if meteorological resolution is upgraded.