Comparative and phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genomes in basal hymenopterans.
Comparative and phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genomes in basal hymenopterans.
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基础膜翅目线粒体基因组的比较和系统发育分析
DOI：
10.1038/srep20972
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发表时间：
2016-02-16
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Chen XX
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Song SN;Tang P;Wei SJ;Chen XX
交感门传统上被认为是位于膜翅目基部位置的并系群。在此，我们通过描述两个新测序的线粒体基因组对交感藻中的线粒体基因组进行了比较分析，这两个基因组来自Trichiosoma anthracinum，代表Cimbicidae科中的第一个线粒体基因组，以及来自Tenthredinidae科的Asiemphytus rufocephalus。这两个线粒体基因组的测序长度分别为15,392和14,864bp。在测序区域内，trnC和trnY被重排到T中trnI-nad2的上游。蒽，而在A。 rufocephalus的所有测序基因均按照假定的昆虫祖先基因排列方式排列。 tRNA 基因重排在交感藻中很常见。重排基因主要来自trnL1和trnI-trnQ-trnM和trnW-trnC-trnY两个tRNA簇。 Symphyta 的线粒体基因组显示出偏向使用 A 和 T，而不是 G 和 C。Symphyta 物种中的蛋白质编码基因显示出比 Apocrita 更低的进化速率。 Ka/Ks 比值均小于 1，表明对 Symphyta 物种的纯化选择。系统发育分析支持了膜翅目交感门的并系和基部位置。研究中得到充分支持的系统发育关系是Tenthredinoidea + (Cephoidea + (Orussoidea + Apocrita))。
The Symphyta is traditionally accepted as a paraphyletic group located in a basal position of the order Hymenoptera. Herein, we conducted a comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genomes in the Symphyta by describing two newly sequenced ones, fromTrichiosoma anthracinum, representing the first mitochondrial genome in family Cimbicidae, andAsiemphytus rufocephalus,from family Tenthredinidae. The sequenced lengths of these two mitochondrial genomes were 15,392 and 14,864 bp, respectively. Within the sequenced region,trnCandtrnYwere rearranged to the upstream oftrnI-nad2inT. anthracinum, while inA. rufocephalusall sequenced genes were arranged in the putative insect ancestral gene arrangement. Rearrangement of the tRNA genes is common in the Symphyta. The rearranged genes are mainly fromtrnL1and two tRNA clusters oftrnI-trnQ-trnMandtrnW-trnC-trnY. The mitochondrial genomes of Symphyta show a biased usage of A and T rather than G and C. Protein-coding genes in Symphyta species show a lower evolutionary rate than those of Apocrita. The Ka/Ks ratios were all less than 1, indicating purifying selection of Symphyta species. Phylogenetic analyses supported the paraphyly and basal position of Symphyta in Hymenoptera. The well-supported phylogenetic relationship in the study is Tenthredinoidea + (Cephoidea + (Orussoidea + Apocrita)).