An Impairment of Prospective Memory in Mild Alzheimer's Disease: A Ride in a Virtual Town
An Impairment of Prospective Memory in Mild Alzheimer's Disease: A Ride in a Virtual Town
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00241
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发表时间：
2019-02-12
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Desgranges, Beatrice
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lecouvey, Gregory;Morand, Alexandrine;Desgranges, Beatrice
目的：研究表明，前瞻记忆（PM）从阿尔茨海默病（AD）的早期阶段就受到损害。我们试图进一步描述轻度AD患者的这种损害，使用虚拟现实（VR）任务来提供PM的生态评估。（76.47岁± 4.14，MMSE：28.80 ± 1.21），17例轻度AD患者（79.29岁+/- 4.45，MMSE：22.82 +/- 2.83）被要求在虚拟城镇任务中回忆七个意图的前瞻性和回顾性成分。六个意图是基于事件的，其中前瞻性线索是高度（三个意图）或弱（三个意图）与回顾性成分。其余的意图是基于时间的。所有参与者都完成了情景记忆、语义记忆和执行功能的神经心理学评估。采用非参数检验比较两组在不同意图类型和成分上的差异。认知和PM分数之间的相关性，然后实现进一步了解AD患者的PM损害的认知相关性。结果：总体而言，阿尔茨海默病患者回忆的意图比对照组少，回顾性成分和基于时间的意图是最具挑战性的。然而，前瞻性和回顾性成分之间的关联强度对其性能没有影响。事件性PM损害以及前瞻成分回忆的缺陷与记忆和执行功能表现相关。PM反演的自动和受控过程都受到干扰。这项研究也证实了VR评估复杂认知功能（如PM）的可靠性。
Objective: Research suggests that prospective memory (PM) is impaired from the very early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We sought to further characterize this impairment in patients with mild AD, using a virtual reality (VR) task to provide ecological assessment of PM.Methods: Fifteen cognitively normal older individuals (76.47 years old +/- 4.14, MMSE: 28.80 +/- 1.21), and 17 patients with mild AD (79.29 years old +/- 4.45, MMSE: 22.82 +/- 2.83) were asked to recall the prospective and retrospective components of seven intentions in a virtual town task. Six intentions were event-based, where the prospective cue was either highly (three intentions) or weakly (three intentions) associated with the retrospective component. The remaining intention was time-based. All participants completed a neuropsychological assessment of episodic memory, semantic memory and executive functioning. Non-parametric tests were used to compare the two groups on the different intentions types and components. Correlations between cognition and PM scores were then realized to further understand the cognitive correlates of the PM impairment in patients with AD.Results: Overall, patients with Alzheimer disease recalled fewer intentions than controls, with the retrospective component and time-based intentions being the most challenging for them. The strength of the association between the prospective and retrospective components, however, had no effect on their performance. Event-based PM impairment, as well as deficit in the recall of prospective component correlated with memory and executive functions performance.Conclusion: PM is impaired in AD. Both automatic and controlled processes of PM retrieval are disturbed. This study also confirms the reliability of VR for assessing complex cognitive functions such as PM.