Influence of air pollution on respiratory health during perinatal development
Influence of air pollution on respiratory health during perinatal development
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04357.x
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Joad, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pinkerton, KE;Joad, JP
呼吸系统是一个高度有序的结构，由涉及多种功能的 40 多种细胞类型组成。肺部的发育从胚胎发育到成年，经历了几个不同的生长阶段。氧化剂气体、空气中的颗粒物和环境中的烟草烟雾是常见的空气污染物，可能对出生前和出生后的肺部产生重大影响。尽管暴露于这些污染物的具体靶细胞尚未明确确定，但这些细胞可能会影响肺部发育不同阶段表达的关键信号或介质。新生儿对环境污染物的易感性可能是由于直接或间接打击几种细胞类型而影响细胞分化、增殖和/或成熟而引起的。空气污染物还可能改变代谢、免疫和神经功能的正常发育模式，这些功能在子宫内和出生后生长期间不断变化。新生儿细胞对环境损害的敏感性可能与成人中发现的相同细胞类型完全不同。与出生后相比，胎儿时期环境毒物向呼吸系统的输送也有显着不同。在评估生命早期环境毒物的影响时，必须考虑环境因素通过其他器官系统和脉管系统的传递和相互作用，以及母体的影响。要了解儿童呼吸系统暴露于各种环境因素的健康结果，需要仔细考虑肺发育是一个多步骤的过程，不能基于成人的研究。
The respiratory system is a highly ordered structure composed of over 40 cell types involved in a multitude of functions. Development of the lungs spans from embryogenesis to adult life, passing through several distinct stages of growth.Oxidant gases, airborne particles and environmental tobacco smoke are common air pollutants that could have a significant impact on the lungs during both pre- and postnatal periods of life. Although the specific target cells for exposure to these pollutants are not clearly identified, these cells are likely to affect critical signals or mediators expressed during distinct stages of lung development.Neonatal susceptibility to environmental pollutants may be caused by either direct or indirect hits on several cell types to influence cell differentiation, proliferation and/or maturation. Air pollutants may also alter the normal developmental pattern for metabolic, immune and neurological functions that are constantly changing during in utero and postnatal growth.The sensitivity of neonatal cells to environmental insults is likely to be completely different from these same cell types found in the adult. Delivery of an environmental toxicant to the respiratory system is also dramatically different during the fetal compared with the postnatal period. Passage and interaction of environmental factors through other organ systems and the vasculature, as well as maternal influences, must be taken into consideration when evaluating the impact of an environmental toxicant during early life.To understand the heath outcomes of exposure to a variety of environmental factors in the respiratory system of children requires careful consideration that lung development is a multistep process and cannot be based on studies in adults.