The Role of Generalized Explicit and Implicit Guilt and Shame in Interpersonal Traumatization and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
The Role of Generalized Explicit and Implicit Guilt and Shame in Interpersonal Traumatization and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
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DOI：
10.1097/nmd.0000000000000428
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Knaevelsrud, Christine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bockers, Estelle;Roepke, Stefan;Knaevelsrud, Christine
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和人际创伤通常与创伤相关的内疚和羞耻有关。然而，PTSD中普遍的内疚和羞耻感的研究还很缺乏。本研究旨在探讨人际创伤和创伤后应激障碍中的广义外显和内隐内疚和羞耻感。人际创伤的妇女无论是创伤后应激障碍（n = 28）或无创伤后应激障碍（n = 32）和32 nontraumatized妇女完成了自我意识情感测试-3和内隐联想测试，以衡量显式和隐式内疚和羞耻。PTSD女性的明确内疚感和羞耻感明显高于无PTSD的女性。没有创伤后应激障碍的创伤妇女表现出明显高于非创伤妇女的外显内疚和羞耻。PTSD与内隐内疚有关，但与内隐羞耻无关。除了与创伤相关的内疚和羞耻感之外，广义的外显内疚和羞耻感以及内隐内疚感似乎在PTSD中起着至关重要的作用。
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and interpersonal traumatization are frequently associated with trauma-related guilt and shame. However, research on generalized guilt and shame in PTSD is lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate generalized explicit and implicit guilt and shame in interpersonal traumatization and PTSD. Interpersonally traumatized women either with PTSD (n = 28) or without PTSD (n = 32) and 32 nontraumatized women completed the Test of Self-Conscious Affect-3 and the Implicit Association Test to measure explicit and implicit guilt and shame. Explicit guilt and shame were significantly higher in women with PTSD than in traumatized women without PTSD. Traumatized women without PTSD showed significantly higher levels of explicit guilt and shame than nontraumatized women did. PTSD was associated with implicit guilt but not implicit shame. In addition to trauma-related guilt and shame, generalized explicit guilt and shame and implicit guilt seem to play a crucial role in PTSD.