Comparison of Puff Topography, Toxicant Exposure, and Subjective Effects in Low- and High-Frequency Waterpipe Users: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Control Study
Comparison of Puff Topography, Toxicant Exposure, and Subjective Effects in Low- and High-Frequency Waterpipe Users: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Control Study
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntu196
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Eissenberg, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cobb, Caroline O.;Blank, Melissa D.;Eissenberg, Thomas
临床实验室工作在间歇性和日常水烟吸烟者中发现了显著的烟草依赖风险和与水烟吸烟相关的疾病。没有研究直接比较这两组。本研究采用安慰剂对照设计，考察了WTS频率是否与不同的烟状地形、毒物暴露和主观反应有关。方法：80名报告WTS每月2-5次（低，n = 63）或>= 20次（高，n = 17）的参与者，>= 6个月，完成2个双盲，平衡2小时的疗程，之前>= 12小时戒烟。在45分钟以上的时间内，根据产品的自由吸烟情况而有所不同：首选品牌/口味的水烟（活性）或口味匹配的无烟草水烟（安慰剂）。结果包括雾化地形、血浆尼古丁、碳氧血红蛋白（COHb）和主观反应。结果：在安慰剂期间，高剂量服用者比活跃服用者和低剂量服用者有更多的吞吐量、更短的吞吐间隔和更高的总吞吐量。在给药后25分钟，血浆尼古丁浓度在主动吸烟（而非安慰剂）组间无显著差异。COHb在所有条件下均显著升高；在吸食安慰剂的高剂量人群中，增幅最大。有证据表明尼古丁/烟草尼古丁戒断症状的基线得分较高。结论：水烟使用者频率越高，对烟碱含量的影响越敏感。在HIGH使用者中，尼古丁/烟草戒断基线较高
Introduction: Clinical laboratory work among intermittent and daily waterpipe tobacco smokers has revealed significant risks for tobacco dependence and disease associated with waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS). No studies have compared these groups directly. This study examined whether WTS frequency was associated with differential puff topography, toxicant exposure, and subjective response using a placebo-control design.Methods: Eighty participants reporting WTS of 2-5 episodes (LOW; n = 63) or >= 20 episodes (HIGH; n = 17) per month for >= 6 months completed 2 double-blind, counterbalanced 2-hr sessions that were preceded by >= 12 hr of tobacco abstinence. Sessions differed by product smoked ad libitum for 45+ min: preferred brand/flavor of waterpipe tobacco (active) or a flavor-matched tobacco-free waterpipe product (placebo). Outcomes included puff topography, plasma nicotine, carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), and subjective response.Results: HIGH users had more puffs, shorter inter-puff-intervals, and a higher total puff volume for placebo relative to active, as well as relative to LOW users during placebo. Plasma nicotine concentrations increased when smoking active (but not placebo) with no significant differences between groups at 25 min post-product administration. COHb increased significantly during all conditions; the largest increase was for HIGH users when smoking placebo. There was some evidence of higher baseline scores for nicotine/tobacco nicotine abstinence symptomology.Conclusions: Higher frequency waterpipe users may be more sensitive to the effects of waterpipe smoke nicotine content. Among HIGH users, higher baseline nicotine/tobacco abstinence