Effect of compliant flooring on impact force during falls on the hip
Effect of compliant flooring on impact force during falls on the hip
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DOI：
10.1002/jor.20172
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Robinovitch, Stephen N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laing, Andrew C.;Tootoonchi, Iman;Robinovitch, Stephen N.
合规地板代表着一种前景看好但研究不足的战略，可减少因在养老院、医院、健身房和老年中心等高危环境中跌倒而产生的冲击力和髋部骨折风险。我们对年轻女性(n=15)进行了“骨盆释放实验”，以确定在安全、低高度跌倒时，地板僵硬是否会影响最大髋关节冲击力。在试验期间，我们使用骨盆吊带和电磁铁将参与者从力板上方5厘米的高度抬起并立即释放，该力板测量了在撞击过程中施加在臀部区域的力。在坚硬的地板条件下进行了试验，并在地板上覆盖了几层乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯泡沫塑料，我们认为这些层坚固(1.5厘米厚；硬度-263 kN/m)、半坚固(4.5厘米厚；硬度=95 kN/m)、半软(7.5厘米厚：硬度67 kN/m)和柔软(10.5厘米厚；硬度=59 kN/m)。与刚性条件相比，髋部峰值冲击力在刚性条件下平均降低8%，在半刚性条件下平均降低15%。峰值力在半坚固、半软和软地板条件下没有显著差异，表明4.5厘米厚的泡沫垫子提供的力衰减几乎与10.5厘米厚的垫子相同。这些结果支持进行实验室实验以测量地板硬度对姿势稳定性的影响，并进行临床试验以确定高危环境中顺应性地板对髋部骨折发生率的影响。(C)2006年骨科研究会。由威利期刊出版公司出版。
Compliant flooring represents a promising but understudied strategy for reducing impact force and hip fracture risk due to falls in high-risk environments such as nursing homes, hospitals, gymnasiums, and senior centers. We conducted "pelvis release experiments" with young women (n = 15) to determine whether floor stiffness influences peak hip impact force during safe, low-height falls. During the trials, we used a pelvic sling and electromagnet to lift and instantly release the participant from a height of 5 cm above a force plate, which measured the force applied to the hip region during impact. Trials were conducted for rigid floor conditions and with layers of ethylene vinyl acetate foam rubber overlying the floor that we regarded as firm (1.5-cm thick; stiffness-263 kN/m), semifirm (4.5-cm thick; stiffness=95 kN/m), semisoft (7.5-cm thick: stiffness 67 kN/m), and soft (10.5-cm thick; stiffness = 59 kN/m). When compared to the rigid condition, peak hip impact force averaged 8% lower in the firm condition and 15% lower in the semifirm condition. Peak forces were not significantly different between the semifirm, semisoft, and soft floor conditions, indicating that a 4.5 cm-thick foam mat provides nearly the same force attenuation as a 10.5 cm-thick mat. These results support the need for laboratory experiments to measure the effect of floor stiffness on postural stability and for clinical trials to determine the effect of compliant flooring on hip fracture incidence in high-risk environments. (c) 2006 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.