Food web structure selects for parasite host range
Food web structure selects for parasite host range
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2019.1277
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发表时间：
2019-07-31
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Park, A. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Park, A. W.
复杂的生命周期寄生虫，包括蠕虫，使用中间宿主发育和最终宿主繁殖，两种宿主类型之间的相互作用受食物网结构控制。我研究了寄生虫的中间宿主范围是如何控制的最终宿主物种的饮食宽度和寄生虫通性的成本，一个假定的健身成本，假设主机范围权衡健身来自宿主物种。尽管有这样的成本，但当终末宿主表现出较大的饮食宽度时，可能会发生对通才的益处，从而通过消耗大量受感染的中间宿主来增强通才寄生虫的传播。我开发了一个简单的理论模型，以证明如何不同的主机范围感染策略的差异选择跨梯度的确定主机饮食宽度根据成本的通性。然后，我使用寄生蠕虫宿主数据库与食物网数据库相结合，表明最终宿主的饮食广度促进了中间宿主水平的通才感染策略，这表明蠕虫中寄生虫通才的成本相对较低。
Complex life cycle parasites, including helminths, use intermediate hosts for development and definitive hosts for reproduction, with interactions between the two host types governed by food web structure. I study how a parasite's intermediate host range is controlled by the diet breadth of definitive host species and the cost of parasite generalism, a putative fitness cost that assumes host range trades off against fitness derived from a host species. In spite of such costs, a benefit to generalism may occur when the definitive host exhibits a large diet breadth, enhancing transmission of generalist parasites via consumption of a broad array of infected intermediate hosts. I develop a simple theoretical model to demonstrate how different host range infection strategies are differentially selected for across a gradient of definitive host diet breadth according to the cost of generalism. I then use a parasitic helminth-host database in conjunction with a food web database to show that diet breadth of definitive hosts promotes generalist infection strategies at the intermediate host level, indicating relatively low costs of parasite generalism among helminths.