MODELING THE IMMUNE-RESPONSE TO MALARIA WITH ECOLOGICAL CONCEPTS - SHORT-TERM BEHAVIOR AGAINST LONG-TERM EQUILIBRIUM
MODELING THE IMMUNE-RESPONSE TO MALARIA WITH ECOLOGICAL CONCEPTS - SHORT-TERM BEHAVIOR AGAINST LONG-TERM EQUILIBRIUM
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1992.0156
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发表时间：
1992-12-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
HELLRIEGEL, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HELLRIEGEL, B
人体对疟原虫恶性疟原虫的免疫反应模型用于分析个体患者感染的动态。以前的模型要么着眼于两种寄生虫基因型之间的竞争，要么着眼于一种寄生虫克隆及其免疫反应。该模型描述了由两种寄生虫基因型的血液阶段引起的感染过程，这两种寄生虫基因型的繁殖率和它们引起的免疫反应不同。基因型之间的相互作用可以解释为对红细胞的剥削性竞争。全能免疫细胞和寄生虫之间的相互作用类似于捕食者与猎物的关系。在分析此类模型时，经典理论生态学通常处理长期行为，即寻找平衡和共存条件。然而，特别是在持续传播的流行地区，感染的平衡状态不太可能。当考虑另一种寄生虫基因型的再次感染时，感染的短期动态发生巨大变化，具体取决于第一个基因型、第二个基因型出现的时间以及引发的免疫反应类型。如果疟疾免疫力发展缓慢确实是由于其基因型特异性，那么重复感染的影响将非常重要。
A model for the human immune response to the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is used to analyse the dynamics of an infection within an individual patient. Previous models either looked at competition between two parasite genotypes or at one parasite clone and the immune response to it. This model describes the course of an infection caused by the blood stages of two parasite genotypes differing in reproductive rate and in the immune response they elicit. The interactions between the genotypes can be interpreted as exploitative competition for red blood cells. Interactions between omnipotent immune cells and parasites resemble a predator-prey relation. In analysing these kinds of models, classical theoretical ecology usually deals with long-term behaviours, i.e. looks for equilibria and conditions for coexistence. However, especially in endemic regions with ongoing transmission, an equilibrium state of infections is unlikely. When reinfections with another parasite genotype were considered, the short-term dynamics of the infection changed dramatically, depending on which genotype was first, when the second one appeared, and what kind of immune response was elicited. If the slow development of immunity to malaria really is due to its genotype specificity, the effects of superinfections will be of great importance.