Neurogenesis in the adult is involved in the formation of trace memories
Neurogenesis in the adult is involved in the formation of trace memories
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DOI：
10.1038/35066584
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发表时间：
2001-03-15
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Gould, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shors, TJ;Miesegaes, G;Gould, E
脊椎动物的大脑在一生中不断产生新的神经元(1-12)。在大鼠的海马体中，每天产生数千个，其中许多在几周内死亡(13)。联想学习可以提高他们的存活率(13，14)；然而，到目前为止，还不知道新的神经元是否参与了记忆的形成。在这里，我们表明，成年大鼠新产生的神经元数量的大幅减少损害了海马体依赖的跟踪条件反射，在这项任务中，动物必须将时间上分离的刺激联系起来。当相同的刺激没有在时间上分开时，类似的减少并没有影响学习，这是一项不依赖于海马体的任务(16，17)。神经发生的减少不会导致成熟海马神经元的死亡，也不会永久性地改变CA1区的神经生理学特性，如长时程增强。此外，细胞生产的恢复与获得痕迹记忆的能力有关。这些结果表明，成年人新产生的神经元不仅受到海马体依赖记忆形成的影响，而且还参与其中。
The vertebrate brain continues to produce new neurons throughout life(1-12). In the rat hippocampus, several thousand are produced each day, many of which die within weeks(13). Associative learning can enhance their survival(13,14); however, until now it was unknown whether new neurons are involved in memory formation. Here we show that a substantial reduction in the number of newly generated neurons in the adult rat impairs hippocampal-dependent trace conditioning, a task in which an animal must associate stimuli that are separated in time(15). A similar reduction did not affect learning when the same stimuli are not separated in time, a task that is hippocampal-independent(16,17). The reduction in neurogenesis did not induce death of mature hippocampal neurons or permanently alter neurophysiological properties of the CA1 region, such as long-term potentiation. Moreover, recovery of cell production was associated with the ability to acquire trace memories. These results indicate that newly generated neurons in the adult are not only affected by the formation of a hippocampal-dependent memory(13), but also participate in it.