FLIP-mediated autophagy regulation in cell death control.

FLIP-mediated autophagy regulation in cell death control.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncb1980
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发表时间:
2009-11
影响因子:
21.3
通讯作者:
Jung, Jae U.
Jung, Jae U.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lee, Jong-Soo;Li, Qinglin;Lee, June-Yong;Lee, Sun-Hwa;Jeong, Joseph H.;Lee, Hye-Ra;Chang, Heesoon;Zhou, Fu-Chun;Gao, Shou-Jiang;Liang, Chengyu;Jung, Jae U.

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自噬是一种主动的稳态降解过程,用于细胞质组分的去除或周转,其中LC 3泛素样蛋白经历Atg 7 E1样酶/Atg 3 E2样酶介导的缀合过程以诱导自噬体生物发生。除了其细胞保护作用外,自噬在其异常上调时对细胞死亡起作用。因此,自噬途径需要严格的调控,以确保这种降解过程得到很好的平衡。两个死亡效应结构域(DED 1/2)含有卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒(KSHV)、松鼠猴疱疹病毒(HVS)和传染性软疣病毒(MCV)的细胞FLICE样抑制蛋白(cFLIP)和病毒FLIP(vFLIP),保护细胞免受死亡受体介导的凋亡。在这里,我们报告说,细胞和病毒FLIPs抑制自噬通过阻止Atg 3结合和处理LC 3。因此,FLIP表达有效地抑制细胞死亡与自噬,诱导雷帕霉素,mTor抑制剂和有效的抗肿瘤药物对KSHV诱导的卡波西肉瘤(KS)和原发性渗出性淋巴瘤(PEL)。值得注意的是,FLIP的DED 1 α2-螺旋十氨基酸(α2)肽或DED 2 α4-螺旋十二氨基酸(α4)肽单独足以结合FLIP本身和Atg 3,肽相互作用有效抑制Atg 3-FLIP相互作用而不影响Atg 3-LC 3相互作用,导致自噬的稳健细胞死亡。因此,我们的研究确定了自噬途径的一个检查点,其中细胞和病毒FLIP限制了Atg 3介导的LC 3缀合步骤以调节自噬体生物合成。此外,FLIP衍生的短肽通过自噬诱导生长抑制和细胞死亡,代表用于潜在抗癌疗法的生物活性分子。
Autophagy is an active homeostatic degradation process for the removal or turnover of cytoplasmic components wherein the LC3 ubiquitin-like protein undergoes an Atg7 E1-like enzyme/Atg3 E2-like enzyme-mediated conjugation process to induce autophagosome biogenesis. Besides its cytoprotecive role, autophagy acts on cell death when it is abnormally upregulated. Thus, the autophagy pathway requires tight regulation to ensure that this degradative process is well balanced. Two death effector domains (DED1/2) containing cellular FLICE-like inhibitor protein (cFLIP) and viral FLIP (vFLIP) of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS), and Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) protect cells from apoptosis mediated by death receptors. Here, we report that cellular and viral FLIPs suppress autophagy by preventing Atg3 from binding and processing LC3. Consequently, FLIP expression effectively represses cell death with autophagy, as induced by rapamycin, an mTor inhibitor and an effective anti-tumour drug against KSHV-induced Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). Remarkably, either a DED1 α2-helix ten amino-acid (α2) peptide or a DED2 α4-helix twelve amino-acid (α4) peptide of FLIP is individually sufficient for binding FLIP itself and Atg3, with the peptide interactions effectively suppressing Atg3–FLIP interaction without affecting Atg3-LC3 interaction, resulting in robust cell death with autophagy. Our study thus identifies a checkpoint of the autophagy pathway where cellular and viral FLIPs limit the Atg3-mediated step of LC3 conjugation to regulate autophagosome biogenesis. Furthermore, the FLIP-derived short peptides induce growth suppression and cell death with autophagy, representing biologically active molecules for potential anti-cancer therapies.
鼠γ-疱疹病毒 68 的病毒 BCL-2 抑制自噬和细胞凋亡的结构和生化基础。
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影响因子: 3.3
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