Generalization of courtship learning in Drosophila is mediated by cis-vaccenyl acetate
Generalization of courtship learning in Drosophila is mediated by cis-vaccenyl acetate
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2007.01.053
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发表时间：
2007-04-03
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Griffith, Leslie C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ejima, Aki;Smith, Benjamin P. C.;Griffith, Leslie C.
果蝇的生殖行为具有刻板成分和塑料成分，这些成分是由年龄和性别特异性化学线索驱动的。向处女雌性求爱失败的雄性随后会避开与训练者同龄的雌性。相比之下，与成熟交配的雌性一起训练的雄性会将不稳定的食欲和厌恶的信息素线索联系起来，并学会抑制所有雌性的求爱。在这里，我们表明，导致交配雌性普遍学习的挥发性厌恶信息素是(Z)-11-乙酸十八碳烯酯（cis-vaccenylacetate，cVA）。 cVA 是雄性角质层碳氢化合物谱的主要组成部分，但在处女雌性中未发现。在交配过程中，cVA 与精子和肽一起通过射精转移到雌性体内，从而降低其性接受能力。当雄性在雌性信息素的背景下感知cVA（合成的或来自交配的雌性或雄性提取物）时，它们会对求偶产生普遍的抑制。 cVA 对处女雌性初始求爱的影响可以通过 Or65a 神经元中破伤风毒素的表达来阻断，但不能通过 Or67d 神经元中的表达来阻断，这表明这种信息素的厌恶作用是由一类特定的嗅觉神经元介导的。这些发现表明，在交配过程中将 cVA 转移给雌性可能是雄性抑制竞争性雄性繁殖的策略的一部分。
Reproductive behavior in Drosophila has both stereotyped and plastic components that are driven by age- and sex-specific chemical cues. Males who unsuccessfully court virgin females subsequently avoid females that are of the same age as the trainer. In contrast, males trained with mature mated females associate volatile appetitive and aversive pheromonal cues and learn to suppress courtship of all females. Here we show that the volatile aversive pheromone that leads to generalized learning with mated females is (Z)-11-octadecenyl acetate (cis-vaccenyl acetate, cVA). cVA is a major component of the male cuticular hydrocarbon profile, but it is not found on virgin females. During copulation, cVA is transferred to the female in ejaculate along with sperm and peptides that decrease her sexual receptivity. When males sense cVA (either synthetic or from mated female or male extracts) in the context of female pheromone, they develop a generalized suppression of courtship. The effects of cVA on initial courtship of virgin females can be blocked by expression of tetanus toxin in Or65a, but not Or67d neurons, demonstrating that the aversive effects of this pheromone are mediated by a specific class of olfactory neuron. These findings suggest that transfer of cVA to females during mating may be part of the male's strategy to suppress reproduction by competing males.