Biological endpoints in earthworms (Amynthas gracilis) as tools for the ecotoxicity assessment of soils from livestock production systems
Biological endpoints in earthworms (Amynthas gracilis) as tools for the ecotoxicity assessment of soils from livestock production systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.09.045
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发表时间：
2017-10
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
C. Parelho;A. Rodrigues;Filipe Bernardo;M. D. Barreto;Luís Cunha;P. Poeta;P. Garcia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Parelho;A. Rodrigues;Filipe Bernardo;M. D. Barreto;Luís Cunha;P. Poeta;P. Garcia
由于畜牧业的集约化和现代化，大量的微量金属、兽药和农药残留随着动物粪便被释放到土壤中。因此，人们越来越关注畜牧活动产生的污染物对土壤生物的影响。本研究的目的是使用一组经过验证的非本地蚯蚓（Amynthas gracilis）的组织和细胞生物标志物来评估畜牧生产系统土壤的生态毒性，这些非本地蚯蚓（Amynthas gracilis）暴露在真实受污染的畜牧土壤中。总体而言，结果表明畜牧污染物存在明显的环境风险，因为在 14 天内接触畜牧系统土壤会引发显着的亚致死效应。 gracilis，通过蚯蚓组织中乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的增加（从 34.15 ± 0.79 到 62.74 ± 2.10 nmol 乙酰硫胆碱水解 min−1mg−1 蛋白质）、抗氧化防御相关酶的降低（超氧化物歧化酶活性，从 2.76 ± 0.11 到1.90 ± 0.04 U mg−1 蛋白质）和溶酶体完整性（中性红摄取，从 113.00 ± 4.81 到 83.73 ± 2.25%）。此外，暴露于牲畜土壤的蚯蚓体腔细胞显示出显着更高的 DNA 损伤值（彗星测定，从 126.67 ± 8.67 到 199.67 ± 23.15 GDI）。这项研究验证了所测试的生物标志物作为早期预警工具的适用性，以评估对受牲畜污染物影响的土壤中的生物体的亚致死毒性。这项研究还强调了 A 的相关性。 gracilisa 是一种合适的哨兵物种，可为畜牧生产系统中的土壤生态系统健康提供综合且更具生态相关性的响应。
Due to the intensification and modernization of livestock farming practices, large amounts of trace metals, veterinary pharmaceuticals and pesticide residues are released to the soil along with animal feces. Hence, there is an increasing concern about the effects of pollutants derived from livestock activities on soil organisms. The objective of this study is to assess the ecotoxicity of soils from livestock production systems using a set of validated tissue and cellular biomarkers of non-native earthworms (Amynthas gracilis) exposedex situto real contaminated livestock soils.Overall, the results showed that livestock pollutants present clear environmental risks, since the exposure during 14 days to soils from livestock systems triggered significant sub-lethal effects inA. gracilis, revealed by the increase of acetylcholinesterase activity in earthworms’ tissues (from 34.15 ± 0.79 to 62.74 ± 2.10 nmol of acetylthiocholine hydrolyzed min−1mg−1of protein), the decrease of antioxidant defense associated enzymes (superoxide dismutase activity, from 2.76 ± 0.11 to 1.90 ± 0.04 U mg−1of protein) and of lysosomal integrity (neutral red uptake, from 113.00 ± 4.81 to 83.73 ± 2.25%). Moreover, coelomocytes of earthworms exposed to the livestock soil displayed significantly higher DNA damage values (comet assay, from 126.67 ± 8.67 to 199.67 ± 23.15 GDI).This study validates the applicability of the tested biomarkers as early warning tools to assess sub-lethal toxicity to organisms inhabiting soil impacted by livestock pollutants. This study also highlights the relevance ofA. gracilisas a suitable sentinel species to provide an integrative and more ecologically relevant response of soil ecosystem health in livestock production systems.