Genetic structure of native populations from the Gran Chaco region, South America
Genetic structure of native populations from the Gran Chaco region, South America
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DOI：
10.1080/09723757.2008.11886025
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
0.1
通讯作者：
Ministro, Angelina Garcia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Demarchi, Dario A.;Ministro, Angelina Garcia
大查科地区是南美洲的一个广阔的亚热带平原，覆盖了阿根廷，巴拉圭和玻利维亚的部分领土，是南美洲最后一批狩猎采集群体的避难所。从文化和生态上讲，大查科是亚马逊盆地热带平原和阿根廷潘帕斯草原之间的过渡地带。沿着其西部边界，它是开放的影响，从安第斯文化，并在东部，它是一个亚热带地区居住的图皮-瓜拉尼部落。在本文中，我们提出了一个综合的主要结果的长期研究的遗传结构的本地人口的大查科使用分类的形态（人体测量学和皮纹学）和分子标记（线粒体单倍型群和HVR-I序列，Y染色体标记，核STR）。总的来说，生物学证据表明，与南美洲其他地区相比，大查科部落的遗传多样性较高，人口之间的分化程度较低。唯一的例外是Ayoreo人，这是一个具有独特遗传和形态模式的群体，不仅与大查科其他群体相比，而且与南美洲任何其他土著群体相比，都是一个异类。
The Gran Chaco region is a vast subtropical plain in South America that covers part of the territories of Argentina, Paraguay, and Bolivia, being the refuge of some of the last hunter-gatherer groups remaining in South America. Culturally as well as ecologically, the Gran Chaco is a transitional zone between the tropical plains of the Amazon Basin and the Pampas of Argentina. Along its western border it was wide-open to influences from the Andean cultures, and in the east it abutted on a subtropical region inhabited by Tupi-Guarani tribes. In this paper we present a synthesis of the principal findings of a long term study on the genetic structure of native populations of the Gran Chaco using an assortment of morphological (anthropometrics and dermatoglyphics) and molecular markers (mitochondrial haplogroups and HVR-I sequences, Y-chromosome markers, and nuclear STRs). In general, the biological evidence demonstrates that the Gran Chaco tribes present high genetic diversity and low differentiation among populations, when compared to other regions of South America. The only exception is the Ayoreo, a population with unique genetic and morphological patterns, being an outlier not only in relation to the rest of the Gran Chaco populations but also to any other native group of South America.