Adult bicyclists in the United States - Characteristics and riding experience in 1996
Adult bicyclists in the United States - Characteristics and riding experience in 1996
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DOI：
10.3141/1636-01
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Moritz, WE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Moritz, WE
1996年12月，20%（4，712）的美国自行车运动员联盟成员接受了1996历年自行车经验的调查。33个问题包括自行车类型和设备，按目的（例如，工作、公路娱乐）、总骑行距离、通勤习惯、事故和人口统计数据。这项调查旨在更新卡普兰在1975年完成的一项调查。到1997年3月31日的最后期限，已返回2,400多人（51%）。其中，19%的调查因不完整或不一致而被拒绝，剩下1，956份有效调查。“平均”受访者是48岁的已婚（66%）男性（80%）专业人士（48%），他们在1996年骑了4670公里。1996年，超过9%的人报告说发生过严重的撞车事故（造成至少50美元的财产损失或医疗费用）。根据这些骑自行车的人报告的经验，这一组骑自行车的人平均要骑11年才能发生这样的撞车事故。福尔斯占事故的59%，而撞到固定物体的发生率为14%。11%的撞车事故涉及行驶中的机动车，9%涉及另一辆自行车。计算出的相对危险指数显示，有自行车道的街道的撞车率明显低于没有任何自行车设施的主要或次要街道（分别为38%和56%）。多用途车道的撞车率比根据在上面骑自行车的里程数预期的要高出40%，而在人行道上骑自行车是极其危险的。
In December 1996, 20 percent (4,712) of the League of American Bicyclists members were surveyed about their cycling experiences during calendar year 1996. The 33 questions included bicycle type and equipment, distribution of bicycle trips by purpose (e.g., work, on-road recreation), total distance cycled, commuting habits, accidents, and demographic data. The survey was designed to update one done by Kaplan in 1975. By the March 31, 1997, deadline over 2,400 (51 percent) had been returned. Of these, 19 percent were rejected due to incompleteness or inconsistent responses, leaving 1,956 valid surveys. The "average" respondent was a 48-year-old, married (66 percent) male (80 percent) professional (48 percent) who rode 4670 km in 1996. Just over 9 percent reported having had a serious crash (resulting in at least $50 of property damage or medical expense) in 1996. Based on the experience reported by these cyclists, the average cyclist in this group could be expected to ride for 11 years before having such a crash. Falls accounted for 59 percent of the incidents, whereas running into a fixed object happened 14 percent of the time. Moving motor vehicles were involved in 11 percent of the crashes and another bicycle in 9 percent. A relative danger index is calculated that shows that streets with bike lanes have a significantly lower crash rate than either major or minor streets without any bicycle facilities (38 and 56 percent, respectively). Multiuse trails have a crash rate about 40 percent greater than would be expected based on the miles cycled on them, whereas cycling on the sidewalk is extremely dangerous.