Secondary syringe exchange among users of 23 California syringe exchange programs
Secondary syringe exchange among users of 23 California syringe exchange programs
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DOI：
10.1080/10826080600669041
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kral, Alex H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lorvick, Jennifer;Bluthenthal, Ricky N.;Kral, Alex H.
本文介绍了2002年加州23个注射器交换项目（SEP）中注射吸毒者（IDUs）的二次注射器交换（SSE）实践（n = 539）。样本主要是海洛因注射者，约三分之二为男性，一半为白色，一半为其他种族/族裔群体。参与者进行了采访，结构化的问卷调查，其中包括项目的社会人口因素，吸毒的做法，性行为，使用SEP和其他社会服务，并与SEP服务的满意度。采访持续了大约30分钟。SSE非常普遍：75%的注射吸毒者报告在访谈前6个月内参加了SSE。计划的特点，如法律的地位，上证所的政策，和交流政策，并没有影响上证所之间的SEP客户的患病率。传染病危险行为在SSE参与者中比非参与者更常见。在过去的6个月里，SSE参与者更有可能共用注射器（p < .001）和炊具（p < .001）。SSE与被别人的注射器卡住（针刺）有很大关系，这是一种很少讨论的“职业危害”。在多变量分析中，SSE参与者中针刺的调整比值比为2.8（95%置信区间，1.3，6.0）。SSE的高患病率和与之相关的传染病风险需要更多的研究来确定这些关联的因果关系。在此期间，安全教育工作者应考虑加强艾滋病毒预防教育信息，并对从事安全教育工作的注射吸毒者进行安全处理生物危害材料的培训。
This article describes the secondary syringe exchange (SSE) practices of injection drug users (IDUs) attending 23 syringe exchange programs (SEPs) in the state of California during 2002 (n = 539). The sample was primarily heroin injecting, about two thirds male, half White and half other racial/ethnic groups. Participants were interviewed with a structured questionnaire that included items on sociodemographic factors, drug use practices, sexual practices, use of SEP and other social services, and satisfaction with SEP services. Interviews lasted about 30 minutes. SSE was highly prevalent: 75% of IDUs reported participating in SSE in the 6 months before interview. Program characteristics, such as legal status, SSE policy, and exchange policy, did not affect the prevalence of SSE among SEP clients. Infectious disease risk behaviors were significantly more common among SSE participants than nonparticipants. SSE participants were more likely to share syringes (p < .001) and cookers (p < .001) in the previous 6 months. SSE was significantly associated with being stuck with another person's syringe (needle-stick), a little-discussed "occupational hazard" of this practice. In multivariate analysis, the adjusted odds ratio of needle-stick among SSE participants was 2.8 (95% confidence interval, 1.3, 6.0). The high prevalence of SSE and the infectious disease risk associated with it warrant additional research to determine the causality of these associations. In the interim, SEPs should consider reinforcing HIV prevention education messages and training IDUs who engage in SSE in safe handling of biohazardous materials.