Hydrology for Engineers
Hydrology for Engineers
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/222065a0
复制
发表时间：
1969-04
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
M. J. Hall
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. J. Hall
WE Price 和 LA Heindl 的 RIWl!: NT 文章（美国地球物理联盟的行动，49, 529）提出了“什么是水文学？”的问题。这些作者研究了从涵盖过去 100 年的文献中选出的 31 个定义，但无法提出一个足够全面的定义来涵盖该主题的所有方面。水文学家倾向于对他们的专业活动采取高度个人化的看法。正如书名所示，作者从特许工程师的角度探讨了这一主题，并在编写本书时考虑了土木工程本科生最后一年的需求。阅读本书时可以明显看出某种不平衡。近一半的文本包含在第六章至第八章中，这些章节主要涉及降雨和径流记录的分析。通过比较粗略地处理了获取必要数据所涉及的问题，对结果的解释肯定与对分析技术的理解同样重要。因此，第二章“气象数据”显示了 SUI 的一些遗漏。例如，处理降雨强度、持续时间、频率关系的部分不包含任何对 Hilham 工作的引用，而是通过来自美国的数据进行说明。第三章“蒸发和蒸腾”，包含对本科生来说过于详细的彭曼公式推导，其中没有纳入对农林水产省推荐的入射太阳辐射和反向辐射方程的调整。食品技术公报第 16 号。第 3.4 节中描述的使用季节因素计算开放水域蒸发蒸散量的做法也已停止。从第五章开始，对主题的处理就更加全面了。地下水章节对于本科学习来说相当平衡。指挥权。与前五十页相比，第七章非常彻底地涵盖了经典单位过程线理论，但超出了第一学位课程的要求。最近推出了“瞬时单位过程线”，但其用途尚未开发。第九章简要介绍了水文气象学，但 iR 主要致力于频率分析。尽管概述了主分布，但仅简要提及了绘制位置的棘手问题；学生有权获得关于为什么 Hazen 公式给出的回报期是加州公式两倍的解释。总的来说，作者做了一个值得欢迎的尝试，从不列颠群岛寻找数据来说明 h1 的一些材料。负责本科生水文学教学的讲师将在这本书中找到他的课程框架，尽管我想知道一个书本津贴有限的学生是否会如此热情。乔丹厅
A RIWl!: NT article by WE Price and LA Heindl (Tmnsactions of the American Geophysical Union, 49, 529) posed tho question" What is hydrology?". Those authors examined thirty-one definitions selected from literature covering the past 100 years, but were unable to suggest one sufficiently comprehensive to cover all aspects of the subject. Hydrologists tend to take a highly personal view of their professional activities. As his title suggests, the author has approached the subject from the position of a chartered engineer, and has written this book with the needs of final-year civil engineering undergraduates in mind. A certain imbalance is apparent on reading the book. Nearly half the text is contained in chapters six to eight, which deal eRscntially with tho analysis of rainfall and streamflow records. The problems involved in acfjuiring the necessary data, an awareness of which is surely as important to tho interpretation of results as an understanding of analytical techniques, are sketchily treated by comparison. Chapter two," Meteorological Data", therefore shows some SUI'-prising omissions. For example, the section dealing with rainfall intensityjdurationjfrequoncy relationships does not contain any reference to the work of Hilham, and is illustrated by data from tho United States. Chapter three," Evaporation and Transpiration", contains what for undergraduates is a much too detailed derivation of the Penman formula, which does not incorporate the adjustments to the<> quations for incoming solar radiation and back radiation recommended in Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and. Food Technical Bulletin No. 16. The practice of calculating evapotranspiration from open-water evaporation using seasonal factors, described in section 3.4, has also been discontinued. The treatment of the subject matter from chapter five onwards is much more comprehensive. The groundwater chapter is reasonably well balanced for an undergraduate rea. dership. In contrast with the first fifty pages, chapter seven covers classical unit hydrograph theory very thoroughly, but beyond the requirements of a first, degreo course. The more recent" instantaneous unit hydrograph" is introduced, but its use is not developed. Chapter nine contains a brief introduction to hydrometeorology, but iR devoted chiefly to frequency analysis. Tho principal distributions are outlined, but the thorny problem of plotting positions is mentioned only briefly; the student is entitled to an explanation of why Hazen's formula gives twice the return period of the California formula. In general, the author has made a welcome attempt to find data from the British Islos to illustrate some of h1s material. The lecturer concerned with the teaching of hydrology to undergraduates will find the framework for his course in this book, although I wonder whether a student with a limited book allowance will be quito so enthusiastic. MJ HALL