Distributed Ledgers and Operations: What Operations Management Researchers Should Know About Blockchain Technology
Distributed Ledgers and Operations: What Operations Management Researchers Should Know About Blockchain Technology
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分布式分类账和运营：运营管理研究人员应该了解区块链技术
DOI：
10.1287/msom.2018.0752
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Hilary, Gilles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Babich, Volodymyr;Hilary, Gilles
问题定义：区块链是分布式账本技术的一种形式。尽管它的重要性日益凸显，但其全部潜力和可能的缺点尚未得到充分了解，特别是在运营管理 (OM) 方面。学术/实践相关性：本文填补了这一空白。方法：在简要回顾了技术基础之后，我们探讨了多个业务和政策方面。结果：我们确定了将区块链技术应用于 OM 的五个关键优势、相应的五个主要弱点以及三个研究主题。主要优势是 (1) 可见性、(2) 聚合、(3) 验证、(4) 自动化和 (5) 弹性。相应的弱点是（1）缺乏隐私，（2）缺乏标准化，（3）垃圾输入，垃圾输出，（4）黑箱效应，以及（5）效率低下。三个研究主题是（1）信息、（2）自动化和（3）标记化。管理意义：我们用多个有前景的研究问题来说明这些研究主题，从经典的库存管理到道德管理的新领域，再到工业组织问题。
Problem definition: Blockchain is a form of distributed ledger technology. While it has grown in prominence, its full potential and possible downsides are not fully understood yet, especially with respect to operations management (OM). Academic/practical relevance: This article fills this gap. Methodology: After briefly reviewing the technical foundations, we explore multiple business and policy aspects. Results: We identify five key strengths, the corresponding five main weaknesses, and three research themes of applying blockchain technology to OM. The key strengths are (1) visibility, (2) aggregation, (3) validation, (4) automation, and (5) resiliency. The corresponding weaknesses are (1) lack of privacy, (2) lack of standardization, (3) garbage in, garbage out, (4) black box effect, and (5) inefficiency. The three research themes are (1) information, (2) automation, and (3) tokenization. Managerial implications: We illustrate these research themes with multiple promising research problems, ranging from classical inventory management, to new areas of ethical OM, and to questions of industrial organization.