Genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior.
Genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior.
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遗传和环境对反社会行为的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2013.07.007
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Beaver,KevinM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tuvblad,Catherine;Beaver,KevinM
反社会行为是一个宽泛的术语，包括破坏性行为的许多方面，其中大多数给他人带来伤害或涉及侵犯他人权利。暴力和侵略给一个人带来身体和/或心理伤害，而财产破坏和盗窃表现出对另一个人的漠视和可能的损害。反社会行为通常涉及违法，尽管其他形式的违反规则(例如，扰乱行为、操纵、撒谎、欺骗)也被认为是最广义的反社会行为。此外，反社会行为往往与一系列其他行为问题并存，包括药物滥用和依赖(Miles，Van den Bree，&Pkins，2002；White等人，2001)、精神疾病(例如，注意力缺陷多动障碍、抑郁、焦虑)和病态赌博(Kim-Cohen等人，2003；Tuvblad等人，2009)。反社会行为还与各种类型的心理社会问题有关，包括不稳定的关系、不可靠的父母教养以及在教育和工作中表现不佳(Moffitt，Caspi，&Harrington，2002；Rutter，Kim-Cohen，&Maughan，2006)。此外，这种类型的行为很普遍；自我报告显示，50%-80%的年轻人在他们的成长过程中参与了某种形式的反社会行为(Rutter，Giller和Hagell，1998)。品行障碍的患病率为1.8-16%(Loeber等人，2000年)。反社会人格障碍的流行率在社区环境中为1-3%，在法医环境中高达30%(美国精神病学协会，2004年)。反社会行为不仅会给社会带来沉重的社会负担，还会造成经济负担，包括刑事司法系统的成本和对受害者及其家人的补偿(McCollister，France，&Fang，2010)。本期特刊的重点有三个方面：1)研究基因和环境对反社会行为的影响；2)研究与反社会行为相关的一些生物和个人层面的风险因素；3)研究反社会行为候选基因与其风险因素之间的关系。我们对本期特刊中的论文进行了简要的总结，从研究遗传和环境对反社会行为的影响开始，然后总结了与反社会行为相关的生物和个体层面的危险因素，最后总结了候选基因和反社会行为的论文。
Antisocial behavior is a broad term that encompasses many facets of destructive behavior, most of which bring harm to another person or involve the violation of the rights of others. Violence and aggression bring physical and/or psychological harm to a person, while property destruction and theft show disregard and possible damage to another person. Antisocial behavior often involves breaking the law, although other forms of rule violations (eg, disruptive behavior, manipulation, lying, deception) are also considered to be antisocial in the broadest definition. Further, antisocial behavior tends to co-occur with a range of other behavior problems, including substance abuse and dependence (Miles, Van den Bree, & Pickens, 2002; White et al., 2001), psychiatric illnesses (eg, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, anxiety) and pathological gambling (Kim-Cohen et al., 2003; Tuvblad et al., 2009). Antisocial behavior is also associated with various types of psychosocial problems, including unstable relationships, unreliable parenting and underachievement in education and at work (Moffitt, Caspi, & Harrington, 2002; Rutter, Kim-Cohen, & Maughan, 2006). Moreover, this type of behavior is prevalent; self-reports have shown that between 50–80% of all youth participate in some form of antisocial behavior during their development (Rutter, Giller, & Hagell, 1998). The prevalence of conduct disorder is 1.8–16%(Loeber et al., 2000). The prevalence of antisocial personality disorder is 1–3% in community settings and up to 30% in forensic settings (American Psychiatric Association, 2004). Antisocial behavior not only imposes high social burden to society, but also economic burden, including costs of the criminal justice system and compensations for victims and their families (McCollister, French, & Fang, 2010).The focus of this special issue is three-fold: 1) to examine the genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior; 2) to examine some of the biological and individual-level risk factors associated with antisocial behavior; and 3) to examine the relationship between candidate genes for antisocial behavior and their risk factors. We briefly summarize the papers included in this special issue here, starting with the papers examining the genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior, next we summarize the papers on biological and individual level risk factors associated with antisocial behavior, and lastly we summarize the papers on candidate genes and antisocial behavior.