Phase Curves of WASP-33b and HD 149026b and a New Correlation between Phase Curve Offset and Irradiation Temperature
Phase Curves of WASP-33b and HD 149026b and a New Correlation between Phase Curve Offset and Irradiation Temperature
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WASP-33b 和 HD 149026b 的相位曲线以及相位曲线偏移与辐照温度之间的新相关性
DOI：
10.3847/1538-3881/aaa458
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Deming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michael M. Zhang;H. Knutson;T. Kataria;J. Schwartz;N. Cowan;A. Showman;A. Burrows;J. Fortney;K. Todorov;J. Désert;E. Agol;D. Deming
我们给出了高辐射热木星WASP-33 b和异常密集的土星质量行星HD 149026 b的新的3.6和4.5 μm斯皮策相位曲线。作为这种分析的一部分，我们开发了一种新的变体的像素级去相关，是有效的，在消除像素内的灵敏度变化的长期观察（>10小时），其中的星星的位置可以改变一个像素的一个显着的分数。使用该算法，我们测量了两颗行星在3.6和4.5 μm处的食深、相位振幅和相位偏移。我们使用一个简单的玩具模型来表明，WASP-33 b的相位偏移，热平衡，和热再循环效率在很大程度上是类似于其他热超导体，尽管其非常高的辐射。另一方面，我们的适合HD 149026 b更喜欢一个非常高的分辨率。我们还将我们的结果与大气环流模型的预测进行了比较，我们发现，虽然这两颗行星都与模型不匹配，但HD 149026 b的差异特别大。我们推测，这可能与其高体积金属含量有关，这可能导致大气不透明度增强，并在大气局部区域形成反射云层。然后，我们将这两个行星在更广泛的背景下，通过探索温度之间的关系，太阳能，热传输效率，和相位偏移的所有行星与公布的热相位曲线。我们发现了一个惊人的相位偏移和辐照温度之间的关系：前者下降，直到3400 K左右，然后上升，随着温度的升高。虽然这一趋势的某些方面反映在流通模式，有显着的差异，为未来的建模工作提供了重要的线索。
We present new 3.6 and 4.5 μm Spitzer phase curves for the highly irradiated hot Jupiter WASP-33b and the unusually dense Saturn-mass planet HD 149026b. As part of this analysis, we develop a new variant of pixel-level decorrelation that is effective at removing intrapixel sensitivity variations for long observations (>10 hr) where the position of the star can vary by a significant fraction of a pixel. Using this algorithm, we measure eclipse depths, phase amplitudes, and phase offsets for both planets at 3.6 and 4.5 μm. We use a simple toy model to show that WASP-33b’s phase offset, albedo, and heat recirculation efficiency are largely similar to those of other hot Jupiters despite its very high irradiation. On the other hand, our fits for HD 149026b prefer a very high albedo. We also compare our results to predictions from general circulation models, and we find that while neither planet matches the models well, the discrepancies for HD 149026b are especially large. We speculate that this may be related to its high bulk metallicity, which could lead to enhanced atmospheric opacities and the formation of reflective cloud layers in localized regions of the atmosphere. We then place these two planets in a broader context by exploring relationships between the temperatures, albedos, heat transport efficiencies, and phase offsets of all planets with published thermal phase curves. We find a striking relationship between phase offset and irradiation temperature: the former drops with increasing temperature until around 3400 K and rises thereafter. Although some aspects of this trend are mirrored in the circulation models, there are notable differences that provide important clues for future modeling efforts.
WASP-33b 的质量
影响因子：
6.5
作者：
H. Lehmann;E. Guenther;D. Sebastian;M. Döllinger;M. Hartmann;D.E. Mkrtichian
通讯作者：
D.E. Mkrtichian
脉动分析及其对 WASP-33 中主要凌日建模的影响
影响因子：
6.5
作者：
C. von;Czesla;Wolter;Breger;Herrero;Mallonn;Strassmeier;Morales
通讯作者：
Morales