The Chemical Basis of Host-Plant Recognition in a Specialized Bee Pollinator
The Chemical Basis of Host-Plant Recognition in a Specialized Bee Pollinator
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DOI：
10.1007/s10886-013-0363-3
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Doetterl, Stefan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Milet-Pinheiro, Paulo;Ayasse, Manfred;Doetterl, Stefan
许多传粉媒介专门以几种植物作为食物来源，并依靠花香来识别宿主。然而，介导这种识别的具体化合物大多是未知的。我们使用化学、电生理学和行为方法研究了风铃专业蜜蜂 Chelostoma rapunculi 宿主定位/识别的化学基础。我们的研究结果表明，Ca。 trachelium 花散发出一种由广泛和稀有（即螺缩醛）挥发物组成的微弱气味。在触角电分析中，蜜蜂的触角对脂肪族化合物、萜烯、芳香族化合物和螺缩醛有反应。然而，生物测定揭示了更复杂的反应图。螺缩醛吸引未接触过寄主的蜜蜂，而螺缩醛与脂肪族化合物和萜烯一起被有寄主经验的蜜蜂用来寻找寄主。在花内水平上，Ca的不同花部分。 trachelium 显示出气味的绝对量和相对量的差异，包括螺缩醛。与无气味的对照相比，来自呈现花粉的花朵部分的气味在未接触过寄主的蜜蜂中引起更多的摄食反应，而经历过寄主的蜜蜂则对呈现花蜜的部分有更多的反应。我们的研究表明，蜜蜂在寄主花上获得觅食经验后会发生学习（即蜜蜂固有的化学搜索图像的变化）。我们得出的结论是，高度特异性的花挥发物在这种花粉专家蜜蜂的寄主花识别中发挥着关键作用，并讨论了我们在寡聚蜜蜂寄主识别的更广泛背景下的发现。
Many pollinators specialize on a few plants as food sources and rely on flower scents to recognize their hosts. However, the specific compounds mediating this recognition are mostly unknown. We investigated the chemical basis of host location/recognition in the Campanula-specialist bee Chelostoma rapunculi using chemical, electrophysiological, and behavioral approaches. Our findings show that Ca. trachelium flowers emit a weak scent consisting of both widespread and rare (i.e., spiroacetals) volatiles. In electroantennographic analyses, the antennae of bees responded to aliphatics, terpenes, aromatics, and spiroacetals; however, the bioassays revealed a more complex response picture. Spiroacetals attracted host-naive bees, whereas spiroacetals together with aliphatics and terpenes were used for host finding by host-experienced bees. On the intrafloral level, different flower parts of Ca. trachelium showed differences in the absolute and relative amounts of scent, including spiroacetals. Scent from pollen-presenting flower parts elicited more feeding responses in host-naive bees as compared to a scentless control, whereas host-experienced bees responded more to the nectar-presenting parts. Our study demonstrates the occurrence of learning (i.e., change in the bee's innate chemical search-image) after bees gain foraging experience on host flowers. We conclude that highly specific floral volatiles play a key role in host-flower recognition by this pollen-specialist bee, and discuss our findings into the broader context of host-recognition in oligolectic bees.