Axial Ward Identity and the Schwinger Mechanism: Applications to the Real-Time Chiral Magnetic Effect and Condensates.
Axial Ward Identity and the Schwinger Mechanism: Applications to the Real-Time Chiral Magnetic Effect and Condensates.
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.121.261602
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发表时间：
2018-07
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
P. Copinger;K. Fukushima;Shi Pu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Copinger;K. Fukushima;Shi Pu
我们阐明了在宇称破缺恒定电磁场下的手征产生，从而阐明了在平衡中和在不平衡中的质的区别。对于强磁场，Schwinger机制产生的对增加了手性。根据Schwinger公式，对产生率随质量呈指数抑制，而轴向Ward恒等式中手性产生的质量依赖关系仅出现在伪标量项中。我们证明，在有In和Out状态的实时公式中，具有In-In期望值的轴向Ward恒等式导致手征产生率符合Schwinger公式，而对于任何质量，具有In-Out期望值的轴向反常被伪标量凝聚抵消。我们阐明了这样的In-In-Out态公式澄清了平衡内和外手征磁效应的微妙之处，并讨论了进一步应用于实时凝聚态。
We elucidate chirality production under parity breaking constant electromagnetic fields, with which we clarify qualitative differences in and out of equilibrium. For a strong magnetic field the pair production from the Schwinger mechanism increments the chirality. The pair production rate is exponentially suppressed with mass according to the Schwinger formula, while the mass dependence of chirality production in the axial Ward identity appears in the pseudoscalar term only. We demonstrate that, in a real-time formulation with in and out states, the axial Ward identity with an in-in expectation value leads to a chirality production rate consistent with the Schwinger formula, while the axial anomaly with an in-out expectation value is canceled by the pseudoscalar condensate for any mass. We illuminate that such an in- and out-state formulation clarifies subtleties in the chiral magnetic effect in and out of equilibrium, and we discuss further applications to real-time condensates.