Role of aerosol variations in anthropogenic ozone depletion in the polar regions
Role of aerosol variations in anthropogenic ozone depletion in the polar regions
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DOI：
10.1029/96jd02608
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发表时间：
1996-10
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Portmann;S. Solomon;R. Garcia;L. Thomason;L. Poole;M. McCormick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Portmann;S. Solomon;R. Garcia;L. Thomason;L. Poole;M. McCormick
从卫星测量数据推断的气溶胶表面积气候学被用作二维模式的输入，以研究极地臭氧消耗的长期演变，特别是南极臭氧洞。据发现，火山气溶胶输入很可能调制的臭氧洞的严重程度。特别是，1980年代初臭氧洞迅速加深，例如，在哈雷湾臭氧总量测量中所看到的，可能是由于火山喷发加上平流层氯的人为扰动导致气溶胶表面积增加，从而加速了非均相化学反应。皮纳图博火山爆发后观测到的南极臭氧大幅度下降和模拟结果进一步证实了这一点。一些影响臭氧洞的因素也进行了研究，包括液体与冷冻气溶胶的效果，反硝化和脱水的效果，HO x在HCl和ClONO 2恢复中的作用，以及在冬季开始时氯分配的效果。反硝化倾向于略微增加模拟的臭氧损失，主要是在季节后期约17至25公里之间，而脱水倾向于减少臭氧消耗量。然而，温度和气溶胶的量有最强的控制模式臭氧损失为一个给定的氯负荷。这些研究结果表明，在异常寒冷的冬季或火山气溶胶表面积大的年份，未来北极臭氧消耗可能会严重。
A climatology of aerosol surface area inferred from satellite measurements is used as input in a two-dimensional model to study the long-term evolution of polar ozone depletion, especially the Antarctic ozone hole. It is found that volcanic aerosol inputs very likely modulate the severity of the ozone hole. In particular, the rapid deepening of the ozone hole in the early 1980s, as seen, for example, in the Halley Bay total ozone measurements, was probably caused by accelerated heterogeneous chemistry associated with an increase in aerosol surface area due to volcanic injection combined with the anthropogenic perturbation of stratospheric chlorine. This is further substantiated by the large Antarctic ozone decline observed and modeled after the eruption of Mount Pinatubo. A number of factors that influence the ozone hole are also investigated, including the effect of liquid versus frozen aerosol, the effects of denitrification and dehydration, the role of HO x in HCl and ClONO 2 recovery, and the effect of chlorine partitioning at the start of winter. Denitrification tends to slightly increase modeled ozone loss, primarily between about 17 and 25 km late in the season, while dehydration tends to decrease the amount of ozone depletion. However, temperature and aerosol amount have the strongest control on the model ozone loss for a given chlorine loading. These findings suggest that future Arctic ozone depletion could be severe in unusually cold winters or years with large volcanic aerosol surface area.