Contribution of effluents from hospitals and private households to the total loads of diclofenac and carbamazepine in municipal sewage effluents - modeling versus measurements
Contribution of effluents from hospitals and private households to the total loads of diclofenac and carbamazepine in municipal sewage effluents - modeling versus measurements
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.03.007
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发表时间：
2005-07-15
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Feldmann, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heberer, T;Feldmann, D
抗癫痫药物卡马西平和非类固醇抗炎药物双氯芬酸在水环境以及地下水和饮用水样本中经常被发现为残留物。对于这两种化合物，通过在一周的时间内收集和分析确定的复合样本，在现场试验中预测和测量了这两种化合物在军队医院的流出物以及污水泵站(SPS)和大型城市污水处理厂(STP)的组合污水(家庭和医院)中的负荷。药代动力学数据的使用和关于个别药物制剂给药的准确信息被发现对于预测数据的有效性是必不可少的。测量数据证实了预测负荷的有效性，医院废水中卡马西平和双氯芬酸的回收率分别在63%和102%之间，双氯芬酸在35%左右。对德国柏林一家污水处理厂的进水和出水进行每周负荷预测和测量的结果显示，双氯芬酸的清除率非常低(不到15%)，卡马西平的清除率高达40%。市政污水处理厂总共每周向柏林地表水排放2.0公斤卡马西平(105公斤/年)和4.4公斤双氯芬酸(226公斤/年)，该厂处理约100万居民的家庭污水和大量医院污水(约12 060张医院床位)。(C)2005 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
The anti-epileptic drug carbamazepine and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac are frequently found as residues in the aquatic environment and also in samples of ground and drinking water. For both compounds, their loads occurring in the effluents from a military hospital and in the combined (household and hospital) sewage of a sewage pumping station (SPS) and a large municipal sewage treatment plant (STP) were predicted and measured within a field trial by collecting and analyzing defined composite samples over a time period of I week. The use of pharmacokinetic data and precise information on the administration of the individual medicinal formulation was found to be essential for the validity of the predicted data. The measured data confirmed the validity of the predicted loads with recoveries between 63 and 102% for carbamazepine and around 35% for diclofenac, in the hospital wastewater. A comparison of the weekly loads predicted and measured in the influents and effluents of a STP in Berlin (Germany) yielded a very low removal rate for diclofenac (less than 15%) and a removal rate of up to 40% for carbamazepine. In total, 2.0 kg of carbamazepine per week (105 kg/a) and 4.4kg of diclofenac per week (226 kg/a) were discharged into Berlin's surface water by the municipal STP, which treats both household sewage from approximately one million inhabitants and large amounts of hospital effluents (approximately 12,060 hospital beds). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.