Sending States' Transnational Interventions in Politics, Culture, and Economics: The Historical Example of Italy 1
Sending States' Transnational Interventions in Politics, Culture, and Economics: The Historical Example of Italy 1
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派遣国对政治、文化和经济的跨国干预：意大利的历史例子1
DOI：
10.1111/j.1747-7379.2007.00092.x
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Mark I. Choate
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mark I. Choate
本文运用档案证据，深入研究了意大利作为一个典型的派遣国的历史政策。世纪前的大规模移民大多来自多民族帝国，但意大利是一个最近成立的独立国家。意大利雄心勃勃，希望从移民中获益，同时帮助和保护移民，因此以多种方式向“海外意大利人”伸出援手。例如，国家通过一家非营利银行开设了一个低成本的汇款渠道;在国外的意大利家庭中推广意大利语教育;支持国外的意大利商会;并补贴移民中的宗教传教工作。意大利在政治创新和外交谈判方面的历史范例为21世纪迅速变化的派遣国政策提供了背景、比较和可能性。
This article uses archival evidence to study in depth the historical policies of Italy as a classic sending state. Most of the mass migrations of a century ago came from multinational empires, but Italy was a recently formed independent state. Ambitious to benefit from emigration while assisting and protecting emigrants, Italy reached out to “Italians abroad” in several ways. For example, the state opened a low-cost channel for remittances through a nonprofit bank; promoted Italian language education among Italian families abroad; supported Italian Chambers of Commerce abroad; and subsidized religious missionary work among emigrants. Italy's historical example of political innovation and diplomatic negotiation provides context, comparisons, and possibilities for rapidly changing sending-state policies in the twenty-first century.