Implicit beliefs about ideal body image predict body image dissatisfaction
Implicit beliefs about ideal body image predict body image dissatisfaction
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01402
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发表时间：
2015-10-08
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
De Houwer, Jan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Heider, Niclas;Spruyt, Adriaan;De Houwer, Jan
我们研究了实际和理想身体形象的隐性测量是否可以用来预测年轻女性对身体的不满。参与者完成了两个内隐关系评估程序（IRAPs），以检查他们对实际（例如，我很瘦）和理想身体形象（例如，我想变瘦）的内隐信念。通过自我报告问卷和评定量表对身体不满程度进行调查。正如预期的那样，身体不满意度的差异对两个IRAP得分产生了不同的影响。具体来说，表现出对自己身材高度不满的参与者比表现出对自己身材不满意程度较低的参与者对自己瘦的内隐信念要低。相比之下，那些对自己身材不满意的参与者比那些对自己身材不满意的参与者更渴望变瘦（即瘦的理想身材）。我们还观察到，这两种IRAP测量方法捕获了不同的潜在结构，它们与体重指数、明确的身体不满程度以及实际和理想身体形象的明确测量之间的相关性不同。更一般地说，这些发现强调了使用包含关系信息的隐式测量相对于只允许评估联想关系的隐式测量的优势。
We examined whether implicit measures of actual and ideal body image can be used to predict body dissatisfaction in young female adults. Participants completed two Implicit Relational Assessment Procedures (IRAPs) to examine their implicit beliefs concerning actual (e.g. I am thin) and desired ideal body image (e.g., I want to be thin). Body dissatisfaction was examined via self-report questionnaires and rating scales. As expected, differences in body dissatisfaction exerted a differential influence on the two IRAP scores. Specifically, the implicit belief that one is thin was lower in participants who exhibited a high degree of body dissatisfaction than in participants who exhibited a low degree of body dissatisfaction. In contrast, the implicit desire to be thin (i.e., thin ideal body image) was stronger in participants who exhibited a high level of body dissatisfaction than in participants who were less dissatisfied with their body. Adding further weight to the idea that both IRAP measures captured different underlying constructs, we also observed that they correlated differently with body mass index, explicit body dissatisfaction, and explicit measures of actual and ideal body image. More generally, these findings underscore the advantage of using implicit measures that incorporate relational information relative to implicit measures that allow for an assessment of associative relations only.