CLONING AND STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS OF THE ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENTATION LOCUS RT OF PETUNIA-HYBRIDA - CHARACTERIZATION OF INSERTION SEQUENCES IN 2 MUTANT ALLELES
CLONING AND STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS OF THE ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENTATION LOCUS RT OF PETUNIA-HYBRIDA - CHARACTERIZATION OF INSERTION SEQUENCES IN 2 MUTANT ALLELES
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-313x.1994.5010069.x
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发表时间：
1994-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
KOES, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KROON, J;SOUER, E;KOES, R
矮牵牛（Petunia hybrida）花中花青素的合成受调控基因an1、an2和an11的调控。通过差异cDNA克隆，分离出了7类与an1-、an2-和an11-突变体下调转录本同源的cDNA克隆。遗传作图、反义RNA实验和突变等位基因分析表明，一类克隆起源于Rt位点。rt基因不含内含子，其编码的蛋白与玉米bz1基因编码的哺乳动物葡萄糖醛基转移酶和类黄酮3- o -葡萄糖基转移酶（UF3GT）同源。由于Rt位点控制红色花青素-3- o糖苷的鼠李糖基化，这是一系列修饰的第一步，最终产生洋红色或蓝色/紫色的花青素，这表明Rt编码花青素鼠李糖基转移酶。对两个突变rt等位基因的分子分析表明，它们的表达被不同的DNA插入元件阻断。rt-vu15等位基因的易变性是由于在rt启动子区域存在一个284 bp的转座元件（dTphl），导致转录阻滞。rt-r27等位基因的蛋白质编码区包含一个442 bp的插入（dTph3），导致rt转录物过早聚腺苷化。虽然dTph3不能转座，但它具有转座元件的序列特征，提示它是一个新的转座元件家族的缺陷成员。
Anthocyanin biosynthesis in flowers of Petunia hybrida is controlled by the regulatory genes an1, an2 and an11. Seven classes of cDNA clones homologous to transcripts that are down-regulated in an1-, an2- and an11- mutants were isolated via differential cDNA cloning. Genetic mapping, antisense RNA experiments and analyses of mutant alleles demonstrated that one class of clones originated from the Rt locus. The rt gene has no introns and encodes a protein with homology to mammalian glucuronosyl transferases and flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UF3GT) encoded by the bz1 gene from Zea mays. As the Rt locus controls the rhamnosylation of reddish anthocyanin-3-O-glucosides which is the first in a series of modifications that finally yield magenta or blue/purple coloured anthocyanins, this suggests that rt encodes an anthocyanin rhamnosyl transferase.Molecular analysis of two mutant rt alleles showed that their expression is blocked by different DNA insertion elements. Mutability of the rt-vu15 allele results from the presence of a 284 bp transposable element (dTphl) in the rt promoter region, causing a block in transcription. The protein coding region of the rt-r27 allele contains a 442 bp insertion (dTph3) resulting in premature polyadenylation of rt transcripts. Although dTph3 cannot transpose, it has sequence characteristics of transposable elements, suggesting that it is a defective member of a new family of transposable elements.