‘Getting angry with honest people’: The illicit market for immigrant ‘papers’ in Cape Town, South Africa
‘Getting angry with honest people’: The illicit market for immigrant ‘papers’ in Cape Town, South Africa
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“对诚实的人生气”：南非开普敦移民“证件”的非法市场
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发表时间：
2017
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Shaw
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文献类型：
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作者：
Theresa Alfaro;R. H. McLaughlin;Gahlia Brogneri;Matthew Skade;M. Shaw
南非内政部（DHA）官员“似乎对诚实的人感到愤怒”，一位来自基伍地区的刚果移民分享了这一点，他现在居住在开普敦。一些人道主义事务部官员通过非法交易获得“证件”，他们显然对试图通过合法手段获得证件的移民感到沮丧。在南非，虽然人们对与移民有关的仇外心理给予了很大关注，但对寻求庇护者许可证（第22条许可证）、难民身份许可证（第24条许可证）和工作许可证等移民证件的非法市场却很少关注。这些移民文件帮助个人，即那些谁否则缺乏地位，或'文件'，或两者兼而有之，以获得工作能力，安全旅行，注册自己或他们的孩子上学，获得非紧急医疗保健，并获得银行特权。在提供一个帐户的市场移民文件，文章侧重于如何这些文件涉及到地位和生存。通过在开普敦购买证件，移民（指寻求庇护者、难民和跨境移民）的目的是确保他们的法律的地位，并在生活中获得生产力。本文是基于民族志的研究方法和参与观察，并显示了移民如何挑战南非的后种族隔离，宪法规定的社会经济权利和民主目标，并促进了非法市场的移民文件。这项工作进一步讨论了全球南部的移民治理，国家机构的腐败以及移民的脆弱性。
South African Department of Home Affairs (DHA) officials ‘seem to get angry with honest people’, shared a Congolese immigrant from the Kivu region who now resides in Cape Town. Some DHA officials get money through illicit transactions for ‘papers’ and they become visibly frustrated with immigrants who try to obtain documents by lawful means. While there has been much focus on xenophobia associated with immigration in South Africa, there has been little attention paid to the illicit market in immigrant papers such as asylum seeker permits (Section 22 permits), refugee status permits (Section 24 permits), and work permits. These immigrant documents assist individuals—namely those who otherwise lack status, or ‘papers’, or both—to obtain abilities to work, travel safely, register themselves or their children for school, access non-emergency healthcare, and gain banking privileges. In providing an account of the market in immigrant papers, the article focuses on how these documents relate to status and survival. By purchasing papers in Cape Town, immigrants (referring to asylum seekers, refugees, and cross border migrants) aim to secure their legal status and gain productive agency in their lives. This paper is based on an ethnographic research methodology and participant observation, and shows how immigration challenges South Africa’s post-apartheid, constitutionally-mandated socio-economic rights and democratic aims and has fostered an illicit market in immigrant documents. This work furthers debates on immigration governance in the global south, corruption in state institutions, and the vulnerability of immigrants.