Health promotion from the perspective of social cognitive theory
Health promotion from the perspective of social cognitive theory
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/08870449808407422
复制
发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Bandura, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bandura, A
本文从社会认知理论的角度探讨健康促进与疾病预防。与一些最广泛应用的心理健康模式的重叠领域被确定。促进健康和预防疾病的模式经历了几代人的变化。我们已经从试图吓唬人们健康，奖励他们健康，为他们提供自我调节的技能来管理他们的健康习惯，以可靠的社会支持来支持他们的习惯改变。这些转变已经发展出一种多方面的方法，解决健康行为的自我调节和环境决定因素之间的相互作用。社会认知理论解决了健康的社会结构决定因素以及个人决定因素。促进健康的综合办法需要改变对健康产生广泛有害影响的社会制度的做法，而不仅仅是改变个人的习惯。要在这一领域取得进一步进展，就需要建立新的促进健康结构、新的减少风险系统和更加重视卫生政策倡议。因此，人们对实现社会变革的集体效能的信念在促进健康和预防疾病的政策和公共卫生方法中发挥着关键作用。
This article examines health promotion and disease prevention from the perspective of social cognitive theory. The areas of overlap with some of the most widely applied psychosocial models of health are identified. The models of health promotion and disease prevention have undergone several generational changes. We have shifted from trying to scare people into health, to rewarding them into health, to equipping them with self-regulatory skills to manage their health habits, to shoring up their habit changes with dependable social supports. These transformations have evolved a multifaceted approach that addresses the reciprocal interplay between self-regulatory and environmental determinants of health behavior. Social cognitive theory addresses the sociostructural determinants of health as well as the personal determinants. A comprehensive approach to health promotion requires changing the practices of social systems that have widespread detrimental effects on health rather than solely changing the habits of individuals. Further progress in this field requires building new structures for health promotion, new systems for risk reduction and greater emphasis on health policy initiatives. People's beliefs in their collective efficacy to accomplish social change, therefore, play a key role in the policy and public health approach to health promotion and disease prevention.