Spatiotemporal variations and regional differences in air temperature in the permafrost regions in the Northern Hemisphere during 1980-2018
Spatiotemporal variations and regional differences in air temperature in the permafrost regions in the Northern Hemisphere during 1980-2018
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148358
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发表时间：
2021-06-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Zou, Defu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Guojie;Zhao, Lin;Zou, Defu
地表气温是影响北半球永久冻土热状态的重要因素。因此，有必要了解气温的变化和区域差异，以确定永久冻土退化与气候变化之间的相互作用。本研究利用国家环境信息中心、中国气象局和世界气象数据中心的观测数据，定量分析了1980 - 2018年中国气温的变化和区域差异。结果表明：连续多年冻土区年平均气温较低，零星和孤立多年冻土区年平均气温较高，升温速率为0.371 +/- 0.086℃/ a。气温在冬季变暖最慢，在春季变暖最快，在北半球的永久冻土区没有观察到“变暖中断”。冻结度日和解冻度日的空间格局具有不同的空间特征。fdd的递减率为-6.97度/年，tdd的递增率为6.4度/年。高纬度、过渡性和高海拔多年冻土区的气温和变暖趋势存在较大的区域差异。高海拔地区的气温及其增温趋势最高。此外，从连续多年冻土带到海岛多年冻土带，气温变暖趋势逐渐减弱。从连续多年冻土带到海岛多年冻土带，fdd呈显著减少趋势，而tdd则相反。结果表明，1980—2018年，多年冻土区的气温变暖速率约为全球变暖速率的2.0倍，是全球陆地变暖速率的1.3倍。这些发现为研究气候变化下不同地区永久冻土及其热状态的差异提供了一个视角。(c) 2021 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Surface air temperature is an important factor for the permafrost thermal state in the Northern Hemisphere. It is therefore necessary to understand the variations and regional differences in air temperature to determine the interactions between permafrost degradation and climate change. In this study, we used observational data from the National Centers for Environmental Information, the China Meteorological Administration, and the World Data Centre for Meteorology to quantitatively analyze the variations and regional differences in air temperature from 1980 to 2018. The results demonstrated that the annual mean air temperatures were low in continuous permafrost regions and high in sporadic and isolated permafrost regions, with a significant warming rate of 0.371 +/- 0.086 degrees C/decade. Air temperatures warmed the slowest during the winter and fastest during the spring, and no "warming hiatus" was observed in the permafrost regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The spatial patterns of freezing degree-days (FDDs) and thawing degree-days (TDDs) had different spatial characteristics. The decreasing rate of FDDs was -6.97 degrees Cmiddotdays/year, while the increasing rate of TDDs was 6.4 degrees Cmiddotdays/year. The air temperatures and warming trends had largely regional differences with respect to high latitude, transitional, and high altitude permafrost regions. Air temperature and its warming trend was the highest in high altitude regions. In addition, air temperature warming trends gradually decreased from the continuous permafrost zone to the island permafrost zone. The FDDs had a significant decreasing trend from the continuous permafrost zone to the island permafrost zone, whereas TDDs exhibited the opposite trend. The results indicate that the air temperature warming rate in the permafrost regions was approximately 2.0 times that of the global warming rate, and 1.3 times the global land warming rate from 1980 to 2018. These findings offer a perspective on the differences in permafrost and its thermal state across different regions under climate change. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.