The serpin superfamily of proteinase inhibitors: structure, function, and regulation.
The serpin superfamily of proteinase inhibitors: structure, function, and regulation.
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发表时间：
1994-06
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通讯作者：
J. Potempa;Edward KorzusO;James TravisJn
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作者：
J. Potempa;Edward KorzusO;James TravisJn
内源性抑制剂对组织中蛋白水解酶的调节是维持体内平衡的关键要求。这些蛋白主要存在于血浆中，占其总含量的10%以上，绝大多数针对已知参与吞噬、凝血、补体活化和纤维蛋白溶解的丝氨酸蛋白酶。血浆中有几类蛋白酶抑制剂；然而，一个被称为蛇形蛋白酶抑制剂的超家族占主导地位(1)，其成员也在植物和病毒中被发现（2,3）。对于大多数来说，其主要功能是调节与无数生化途径相关的蛋白水解事件（图1），但许多具有替代功能，如激素运输（皮质醇结合球蛋白和甲状腺素结合球蛋白）或血压调节（血管紧张素原）。
The regulation of proteolytic enzymes in tissues by endogenous inhibitors is a critical requirement in the maintenance of homeostasis. These proteins are found primarily in blood plasma and account for more than 10% of its total content, with the vast ma-jority targeted toward the serine proteinases known to be involved in phagocytosis, coagulation, complement activation, and fibrinolysis. There are several classes of proteinase inhibitors in plasma; however, one superfamily ofinhibitors referred to as serpins ( proteinase inhibitors) predominates (l), with its members also be- ing found in plants and viruses (2,3). For most, the primary function is regulation of proteolytic events associated with a myriad of biochemical pathways (Fig. l), but many have alternate functions such as hormone transport (cortisol-binding globulin and thyroxine binding globulin) or blood pressure regulation (angiotensinogen).