THE EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF BUMBLE BEE COLOR PATTERNS - A MIMETIC INTERPRETATION
THE EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF BUMBLE BEE COLOR PATTERNS - A MIMETIC INTERPRETATION
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DOI：
10.2307/2408017
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
OWEN, RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PLOWRIGHT, RC;OWEN, RE
大黄蜂的特点是鲜明对比的颜色模式，是（在女性）由刺保护，并模仿许多美味的昆虫。它们的颜色是警戒色的。同域熊蜂属通常分成颜色相似的组。47个种间颜色相似系数的统计分析。从英国和北美的研究表明，颜色模式强烈依赖于地理起源，只有轻微的分类关系。缪勒拟态为同域色会聚的演化提供了一种解释。寄生熊蜂（Psithyrus spp.）它们同域分布的熊蜂宿主可能是缪勒模仿的结果，而不是共同的血统。一个模拟的解释意味着，颜色收敛应该是最高度发达的地方Psithyrus物种是特定的单一主机，事实上是这样的。串行模仿被提出来描述模仿关系，其中令人不快的合作伙伴物种的活动周期在时间上是偏移的，例如在熊蜂/Psithyrus的例子。系列模仿允许在后来出现的物种中存在稳定的染色质多态性。在北美熊蜂B中观察到稳定的颜色多态性。红环藻每一种变形都模仿一种模型熊蜂。在春天早些时候从冬眠中出现，这表明多态性是通过模仿选择保持稳定的。拟态为熊蜂颜色模式的地理分布提供了一个解释。一些被认为具有生理意义的颜色特征可能是模仿的起源。
Bumble bees are characterized by sharply contrasted color patterns, are (in the female sex) protected by stings and are mimicked by numerous palatable insects. Their coloration is aposematic. Sympatric Bombus spp. often segregate into color-similarity groups. Statistical analysis of coefficients of color resemblance between the members of a set of 47 spp. from UK and North America showed that color patterns depend strongly upon geographic origin and only slightly on taxonomic relationship. Muellerian mimicry provides an explanation for the evolution of sympatric color convergence. The color-resemblance between the parasitic bumble bees (Psithyrus spp.) and their sympatric Bombus hosts may be the outcome of Muellerian mimicry rather than common descent. A mimetic explanation implies that color convergence should be most highly developed where Psithyrus species are specific to single hosts, as is in fact the case. Serial mimicry is proposed to describe mimetic relationships in which the activity periods of distasteful partner species are offset in time, such as in the Bombus/Psithyrus example. Serial mimicry allows the existence of stable chromatic polymorphisms in the later emerging species. Stable color polymorphisms is seen in the North American bumble bee, B. rufocinctus Cresson. Each morph mimics a model Bombus spp. that emerges from hibernation earlier in the spring, suggesting that the polymorphism is held stable by mimetic selection. Mimicry provides an explanation for the geographic distribution of color patterns in bumble bees. Some features of coloration that were regarded as having physiological significance may be of mimetic origin.