Stochastic Computing Design and Implementation of a Sound Source Localization System
Stochastic Computing Design and Implementation of a Sound Source Localization System
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DOI：
10.1109/jetcas.2023.3243604
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发表时间：
2023-03-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
TaheriNejad, Nima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schober, Peter;Estiri, Seyedeh Newsha;TaheriNejad, Nima
随机计算（SC）是一种以统一比特流的形式处理数据的替代计算范式。SC具有容错性，可以在小而高效的电路上进行计算。然而，SC主要用于科学研究，其对最终用户的实际实施很少。数字声源定位（SSL）是一种有用的信号处理技术，用于定位使用多个麦克风的扬声器。SC在实践和理论上都没有与SSL相结合。在这项工作中，据我们所知，我们第一次在随机域中实现了SSL算法，并开发了一个功能性的基于sc的声源定位器。这项工作的实际部分表明，所提出的随机电路不依赖于传统的模数转换，可以处理脉冲宽度调制（PWM）信号形式的数据。提出的SC设计比传统的二进制设计消耗的面积少39%。它还可以根据计算精度消耗更少的功率，例如，3位输入的功耗降低6%。我们提出了一种基于最先进的Sobol比特流的新的互相关（CC）设计，以进一步节省面积和功耗。所提出的设计利用MUX单元来生成比特流。与CC的基于计数器的SC设计相比，它节省了高达64%的面积占用和高达82%的功耗，后者依赖于比较器来生成比特流。所提出的随机电路，不仅限于SSL，而且很容易适用于其他实际应用，如雷达测距，无线定位，声纳测向，波束形成和传感器校准。该项目的源代码可供公众访问。
Stochastic computing (SC) is an alternative computing paradigm that processes data in the form of uniform bit-streams. SC is fault-tolerant and can compute on small, efficient circuits. However, SC is primarily used in scientific research, and its practical implementations for end-users are rare. Digital sound source localization (SSL) is a useful signal processing technique that locates speakers using multiple microphones. SC has not been integrated into SSL in practice or theory. In this work, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, we implement an SSL algorithm in the stochastic domain and develop a functional SC-based sound source localizer. The practical part of this work shows that the proposed stochastic circuit does not depend on conventional analog-to-digital conversion and can process data in the form of pulse-width-modulated (PWM) signals. The proposed SC design consumes up to 39% less area than the conventional binary design. It can also consume less power depending on the computational accuracy, for example, 6% less power consumption for 3-bit inputs. We propose a new cross-correlation (CC) design based on the state-of-the-art Sobol bit-streams for further area and power saving. The proposed design utilizes a MUX unit for bit-stream generation. It saves the area footprint up to 64% and the power consumption up to 82% compared to the counter-based SC design of CC, which relies on a comparator for bit-stream generation. The presented stochastic circuits, are not limited to SSL and are readily applicable to other practical applications such as radar ranging, wireless location, sonar direction finding, beamforming, and sensor calibration. The project's source code is made available for public access.