Atypical basement membranes and basement membrane diversity – what is normal anyway?
Atypical basement membranes and basement membrane diversity – what is normal anyway?
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非典型基底膜和基底膜多样性——到底什么是正常的？
DOI：
10.1242/jcs.241794
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
José C. Pastor-Pareja
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
José C. Pastor-Pareja
摘要基底膜(BMS)的进化在动物细胞组织成组织和体型多样化中起着至关重要的作用。原型BM是一种致密的细胞外基质聚合物，含有层粘连蛋白、NIDGEN、IV型胶原和Perlecan(LNCP基质)，紧密地包裹在一个均匀薄的平面层中。与这种明确的形态和成分定义形成对比的是，有许多具有不寻常特征的LNCP矩阵偏离了这种平面组织。此外，BM分量存在于根本难以归类为BMS的非平面矩阵中。在这篇综述中，我讨论了非典型BM组织的例子。首先，我重点介绍了人类组织中非典型的BM结构，然后描述了果蝇黑腹果蝇中大量的BMS和BM相关结构在其组织上下文中的功能解剖。总而言之，我总结了我们对BMS提供形态、成分和功能多样性的机制的初步了解。越来越清楚的是，非典型的生物多样性相当普遍，即使是典型的平面生物多样性，我们也还没有理解。综述：讨论日益清晰的数据表明，非典型基底膜相当普遍，甚至典型的平面基底膜也蕴含着许多我们尚不了解的多样性。
ABSTRACT The evolution of basement membranes (BMs) played an essential role in the organization of animal cells into tissues and diversification of body plans. The archetypal BM is a compact extracellular matrix polymer containing laminin, nidogen, collagen IV and perlecan (LNCP matrix) tightly packed into a homogenously thin planar layer. Contrasting this clear-cut morphological and compositional definition, there are numerous examples of LNCP matrices with unusual characteristics that deviate from this planar organization. Furthermore, BM components are found in non-planar matrices that are difficult to categorize as BMs at all. In this Review, I discuss examples of atypical BM organization. First, I highlight atypical BM structures in human tissues before describing the functional dissection of a plethora of BMs and BM-related structures in their tissue contexts in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. To conclude, I summarize our incipient understanding of the mechanisms that provide morphological, compositional and functional diversity to BMs. It is becoming increasingly clear that atypical BMs are quite prevalent, and that even typical planar BMs harbor a lot of diversity that we do not yet comprehend. Summary: A Review discussing the increasingly clear data showing that atypical basement membranes are quite prevalent and that even typical planar basement membranes harbor a lot of diversity that we do not comprehend yet.