Functions of phospholipid flippases.
Functions of phospholipid flippases.
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DOI：
10.1093/jb/mvq140
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Kazuma Tanaka;K. Fujimura‐Kamada;Takaharu G. Yamamoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kazuma Tanaka;K. Fujimura‐Kamada;Takaharu G. Yamamoto
真核细胞质膜中普遍存在磷脂的不对称分布。这种磷脂不对称性的维持和改变是由ATP驱动的磷脂转位酶调节的。越来越多的证据表明，4型P型ATPase(P4-ATPase，又称Flippase)将磷脂从外质叶转移到质膜和内膜的细胞质小叶。在P型ATPase中，P4-ATPase是独一无二的，因为它们作为非催化亚基与CDC50家族中保守的膜蛋白联系在一起。最近的研究表明，Flppase参与了多种细胞功能，包括运输小泡的形成和细胞的极性。在这篇综述中，我们将集中在磷脂翻转酶的功能方面。
Asymmetrical distribution of phospholipids is generally observed in the eukaryotic plasma membrane. Maintenance and changes of this phospholipid asymmetry are regulated by ATP-driven phospholipid translocases. Accumulating evidence indicates that type 4 P-type ATPases (P4-ATPases, also called flippases) translocate phospholipids from the exoplasmic leaflet to the cytoplasmic leaflet of the plasma membrane and internal membranes. Among P-type ATPases, P4-ATPases are unique in that they are associated with a conserved membrane protein of the Cdc50 family as a non-catalytic subunit. Recent studies indicate that flippases are involved in various cellular functions, including transport vesicle formation and cell polarity. In this review, we will focus on the functional aspect of phospholipid flippases.