On a new species of titi monkey (Primates: Plecturocebus Byrne et al., 2016), from Alta Floresta, southern Amazon, Brazil
On a new species of titi monkey (Primates: Plecturocebus Byrne et al., 2016), from Alta Floresta, southern Amazon, Brazil
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ympev.2018.11.012
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Hrbek, Tomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boubli, Jean P.;Byrne, Hazel;Hrbek, Tomas
山雀猴的分类研究近年来受到了广泛的关注。现在人们认识到，这个亚科由3属33种组成，其中7种是2002年以后发现的。在这里，我们描述了来自巴西马托格罗索州阿尔塔弗洛雷斯塔市的一种新的titi， Plecturocebus。我们采用一种综合的分类方法，包括系统基因组分析、皮毛特征和地点记录。采用减少代表性的全基因组方法来评估东亚马逊分支Plecturocebus moloch组物种之间的系统发育关系。利用现有记录，我们计算了新物种的发生范围（EOO），并基于预测模型估计了该地区未来的栖息地损失。然后，我们使用IUCN红色名录分类和标准评估了物种的保护状况。该新种具有独特的形态特征组合：(1)冠部和背部呈灰色；(2)全亮红棕色；(3)几乎全黑的尾巴，尖端苍白；(4)脸颊上的头发呈浅黄色，与面部两侧的鲜红棕色头发形成鲜明对比。我们基于最大似然和贝叶斯方法的系统发育重建显示了良好的物种关系，Alta Floresta分类群是P. moloch + P. vieirai的姐妹。物种EOO面积为10,166,653公顷，在“一切正常”的情况下，我们预测在未来24年内，其原始森林栖息地的总栖息地将减少86%，使新发现的tit猴成为IUCN A3c标准下的极度濒危物种。基于以下原因，我们给这只新的山雀猴起了一个特殊的称谓：(1)基因组和线粒体数据揭示了这一谱系清晰的单系性；(2)明显的和可诊断的皮毛形态；(3)地理分布明确，与其他近缘类群有明显的区别。需要采取紧急保护措施来保护这种新发现的已经极度濒危的灵长类动物的未来。
The taxonomy of the titi monkeys (Callicebinae) has recently received considerable attention. It is now recognised that this subfamily is composed of three genera with 33 species, seven of them described since 2002. Here, we describe a new species of titi, Plecturocebus, from the municipality of Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, Brazil. We adopt an integrative taxonomic approach that includes phylogenomic analyses, pelage characters, and locality records. A reduced representation genome-wide approach was employed to assess phylogenetic relationships among species of the eastern Amazonian clade of the Plecturocebus moloch group. Using existing records, we calculated the Extent of Occurrence (EOO) of the new species and estimated future habitat loss for the region based on predictive models. We then evaluated the species' conservation status using the IUCN Red list categories and criteria. The new species presents a unique combination of morphological characters: (1) grey agouti colouration on the crown and dorsal parts; (2) entirely bright red-brown venter; (3) an almost entirely black tail with a pale tip; and (4) light yellow colouration of the hair on the cheeks contrasting with bright redbrown hair on the sides of the face. Our phylogenetic reconstructions based on maximum-likelihood and Bayesian methods revealed well-supported species relationships, with the Alta Floresta taxon as sister to P. moloch + P. vieirai. The species EOO is 10,166,653 ha and we predict a total habitat loss of 86% of its original forest habitat under a "business as usual" scenario in the next 24 years, making the newly discovered titi monkey a Critically Endangered species under the IUCN A3c criterion. We give the new titi monkey a specific epithet based on: (1) clear monophyly of this lineage revealed by robust genomic and mitochondrial data; (2) distinct and diagnosable pelage morphology; and (3) a well-defined geographical distribution with clear separation from other closely related taxa. Urgent conservation measures are needed to safeguard the future of this newly discovered and already critically endangered primate.