Dietary habits of free-ranging banded langur (Presbytis femoralis) in a secondary-human modified forest in Johor, Malaysia
Dietary habits of free-ranging banded langur (Presbytis femoralis) in a secondary-human modified forest in Johor, Malaysia
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DOI：
10.1101/2021.03.16.435588
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发表时间：
2021-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Najmuddin;H. Haris;N. Norazlimi;Farhani Ruslin;I. Matsuda;B. M. Md-Zain;M. A. Abdul-Latiff
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作者：
M. Najmuddin;H. Haris;N. Norazlimi;Farhani Ruslin;I. Matsuda;B. M. Md-Zain;M. A. Abdul-Latiff
带状叶猴（Presbytis femoralis）分布在马来西亚半岛南部，即柔佛州及其边界，包括新加坡。据估计，马来西亚和新加坡仅有< 250 只成熟的股足蠹个体，目前被评定为极度濒危物种。股蠹甚至其他密切相关物种的饮食信息鲜有报道。因此，本研究旨在描述他们的饮食习惯并讨论他们的进食行为与周围环境之间的相互作用。本研究于2018年2月至11月进行，每月采样15天。我们采用间隔 10 分钟的扫描采样方法，对五只叶猴焦点群总共收集了 186 个小时的观测时间。我们已确定带叶猴食用 29 个物种和 47 种物品，其中主要是嫩叶 (51%)，其次是果实 (45%) 和花朵 (3.8%)。研究小组花费更多时间食用非栽培植物，但依靠栽培植物来获取果实。超过 75% 的水果喂养涉及食用栽培植物；在大多数情况下（73%），他们只吃果肉，不吃种子。由于栽培植物是在人类居住区种植的，因此迫切需要实施保护措施来解决人类与叶猴的冲突，例如使用非栽培植物在缓冲区重新造林。有可能在我们的新发现的基础上进行更详细的调查，例如影响饮食适应的更广泛的生态因素，这对于支持该物种的保护工作和管理决策是必要的。
Banded langurs, Presbytis femoralis, are distributed in southern Peninsular Malaysia, i.e., Johor and its borders including Singapore. It has been estimated that there are only < 250 mature individuals of P. femoralis in Malaysia and Singapore, and it is currently assessed as Critically Endangered. The dietary information of P. femoralis and even other closely related species has rarely been reported. This study, therefore, aimed to describe their dietary habits and discuss interaction between their feeding behaviour and its surrounding. This study was conducted from February to November 2018, with 15 sampling days each month. We collected a total of 186 sighting hours, using a scan sampling method with 10-min intervals, on a five-langur focal group. We have identified 29 species with 47 items consumed by the banded langur, mostly young leaves (51 %) followed by fruits (45 %), and flowers (3.8 %). The study group spent slightly more time consuming non-cultivated plants but relied on cultivated plants for the fruits. Over 75% of fruit feeding involved consuming cultivar plants; in most cases (73%), they ate only the pulp, not the seeds. Since the cultivated plants was planted in human settlement, there is an urgent need to implement conservation measures to untangle the human-langur conflicts for instance, reforestation of a buffer region using non-cultivated plants. There is a potential for building upon our new findings with more detailed investigations, such as more extensive ecological factors influencing the dietary adaptation which would be necessary to support conservation efforts and management decisions of this species.