In vitro models of biocompatibility: A review
In vitro models of biocompatibility: A review
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DOI：
10.1016/s0109-5641(96)80020-0
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发表时间：
1996-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Sun, ZL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hanks, CT;Wataha, JC;Sun, ZL
本文的目的是定义材料的体外生物相容性，讨论一些关于为什么组织培养的结论有时不同于体内生物相容性的问题，重点介绍这些体外试验从20世纪50年代初到目前的发展状况，并讨论体外试验未来可能的趋势。开发了体外ii生物相容性试验，以模拟和预测材料放置在体内组织内或组织上时的生物反应。传统的测定已经通过终末期事件（即，死亡和垂死细胞的细胞质膜的渗透性，或一些代谢参数，如细胞分裂或酶促反应）。在文献中也开始出现对材料引发炎症和免疫反应的体外试验。最近，牙本质屏障测试的概念已被引入牙科修复材料。比较和讨论了同时测量材料渗透性和生物效应的四种模型。未来的努力可以针对开发允许或促进与材料相关的组织的功能和分化的材料。新的分析方法和对材料最佳特性的理解应该提高我们开发更具生物相容性材料的能力。分子生物学技术和材料表面的改变设计都可能使材料对生物环境或多或少地具有反应性。这些趋势表明，生物科学在生物材料的发展中将发挥更大的作用。
The objectives of this paper were to define in vitro biocompatibility of materials, to discuss some of the issues concerning why conclusions from tissue culture are sometimes different from in vivo biocompatibility, to give highlights of the sequence of the development of these in vitro assays from the early 1950s to their present state of development, and to discuss possible future trends for in vitro testing. In vitro ii biocompatibility tests were developed to simulate and predict biological reactions to materials when placed into or on tissues in the body. Traditional assays have measured cytotoxicity by means of either an end-stage event, (i.e., permeability of cytoplasmic membranes of dead and dying cells, or some metabolic parameter such as cell division or an enzymatic reaction). In vitro assays for initiation of inflammatory and immune reactions to materials have also begun to appear in the literature. More recently, the concept of dentin barrier tests has been introduced for dental restorative materials. Four models which measure both permeability and biological effects of materials are compared and discussed. Future efforts may be directed toward development of materials which will allow or promote function and differentiation of tissues associated with materials. New analytical procedures and understanding of optimal characteristics of materials should improve our ability to develop more biocompatible materials. Both molecular biology techniques, and altered design of material surfaces may make the materials either more or less reactive to the biological milieu. These trends suggest a greater future role of the biological sciences in the development of biomaterials.